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Les choix technologiques et l'impôt négatif

Author

Listed:
  • Samir Amine
  • Pedro Lages Dos Santos

Abstract

In this article, we stress the effect of a Negative Income Tax (NIT) scheme on the firms' behaviour as regards their technological choices. Within the framework of a matching model with differentiation of the agents, we show that a NIT reduces inequalities and rises employment making agents less selective. Moreover, the repercussions of such a policy as regards technological choices are generally underestimated. We show that the introduction of a NIT can encourage the firms to invest in skill substitutability. In other words, they can be brought to lead a despecialisation of the jobs offered to the workers which is prejudicial to the productivity, in particular in the long run. Dans ce rapport, nous nous intéressons aux implications d'une politique sociale telle que la mise en place d'un impôt négatif sur le comportement des entreprises en matière de choix technologiques. Pour cela, nous utilisons un modèle d'appariement avec spécialisation des emplois endogènes. Nous montrons que, dans un tel cadre d'analyse, l'introduction d'un système de crédit d'impôt réduit les inégalités et augmente l'emploi mais aux dépens de la productivité du fait d'une moindre sélectivité des agents; ce dernier effet étant alors accompagné par une diminution de la spécialisation des emplois. Il apparaît donc qu'une politique de l'emploi peut conduire à une modification du comportement d'embauche des entreprises favorable à la lutte contre le chômage mais également à une réaction en termes de choix technologiques préjudiciable à la productivité à long terme.

Suggested Citation

  • Samir Amine & Pedro Lages Dos Santos, 2011. "Les choix technologiques et l'impôt négatif," CIRANO Working Papers 2011s-01, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2011s-01
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    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2011s-01.pdf
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Matching; negative income tax; technological choices.; Appariement; impôt négatif et choix technologiques.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
    • J41 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Labor Contracts
    • J64 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search

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