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On the Mediational Role of Feelings of Self-Determination in the Workplace: Further Evidence and Generalization

Author

Listed:
  • Marc Blais
  • Nathalie M. Brière

Abstract

The goals of this study were to extend and to verify the generalizability of Deci et al.'s (1989) results, and to test the validity of a preliminary quality of worklife model in which feelings of self-determination play a key mediational role. This model states that informational and controlling work environments will impact in opposite ways on feelings of self-determination. These feelings should then trigger positive impacts on global work satisfaction and work interest. These two latter variables, in turn, are postulated to impact directly on organizational behaviors and general health variables. Subjects were 184 full-time French Canadian employees from different work settings. They were randomly assigned to one of two versions of a questionnaire assessing the different constructs of the model. Two samples were created to cross-validate results and to test the model with two different loci of perceived informational and controlling work environments. In sample 1, subjects assessed their perceptions of their immediate supervisor's styles whereas in sample 2, subjects assessed their perceptions of the global work climate. Results from correlational and path analyses confirmed the predicted relationships between perceptions of informational/controlling environments, feelings of self-determination and the quality of worklife. The expected mediational role of feelings of self-determination as well as of work satisfaction and interest in explaining proximal impacts (i.e., self-perceptions of voluntary absenteeism, distraction at work, and intentions to change job) as well as more distal impacts (i.e., self-perceptions of mental and physical health, cigarette, and alcohol use) was confirmed across samples. Les objectifs de cette étude visaient à vérifier la généralisation des résultats de Deci et al. (1989) et à évaluer la validité d'un modèle préliminaire de qualité de vie au travail dans lequel les sentiments d'autodétermination jouent un rôle important en tant que médiateurs. Ce modèle stipule que les environnements de travail informationnel et contrôlant auront des impacts opposés sur les sentiments d'autodétermination. Ces sentiments devraient par la suite influencer directement des comportements organisationnels et des variables de santé de l'employé. 184 employés canadiens francophones provenant de différentes organisations ont répondu à l'une des deux versions d'un questionnaire assigné aléatoirement. Les deux échantillons servaient à évaluer le modèle en utilisant deux perspectives d'environnement de travail : informationnel et contrôlant. Dans l'échantillon 1, les employés évaluaient le style du supérieur immédiat alors que dans l'échantillon 2, les sujets évaluaient le climat global de travail. Les résultats d'analyses corrélationnelles et des pistes causales ont confirmé les liens postulés entre les perceptions d'environnement de travail informationnel/contrôlant, les sentiments d'autodétermination et la qualité de vie au travail. Les sentiments d'autodétermination ainsi que la satisfaction et l'intérêt au travail jouaient un rôle de médiateur afin de prédire des impacts proximaux (perceptions d'absentéisme volontaire, distraction au travail et intentions de quitter son travail) de même que des impacts plus distaux ( perception de problèmes de santé physique et mental, consommation de tabac et d'alcool). Ces résultats étaient confirmés dans les deux échantillons.

Suggested Citation

  • Marc Blais & Nathalie M. Brière, 2002. "On the Mediational Role of Feelings of Self-Determination in the Workplace: Further Evidence and Generalization," CIRANO Working Papers 2002s-39, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2002s-39
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    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2002s-39.pdf
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