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Pollution Haven Hypothesis or Factor Endowment Hypothesis: Theory and Empirical Examination for the US and China

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  • Umed Temurshoev

Abstract

This paper examines how free international trade affects the environment in the developed and less developed worlds. Using input-output techniques, tests of the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) and the factor endowment hypothesis (FEH) for the US and China were empirically carried out. We found that China gains and the US lose in terms of CO2, SO2 and NOx emissions from increased trade, and the US is not exporting capital intensive goods. Thus both the PHH and the FEH are rejected, which implies that explaining the trade of pollutants remains an unresolved puzzle.

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  • Umed Temurshoev, 2006. "Pollution Haven Hypothesis or Factor Endowment Hypothesis: Theory and Empirical Examination for the US and China," CERGE-EI Working Papers wp292, The Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education - Economics Institute, Prague.
    • Handle: RePEc:cer:papers:wp292
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    2. Ekundayo P. Mesagan & Wakeel A. Isola & Kazeem B. Ajide, 2019. "The capital investment channel of environmental improvement: evidence from BRICS," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 1561-1582, August.
    3. Dinda, Soumyananda, 2006. "Globalization and Environment: Can Pollution Haven Hypothesis alone explain the impact of Globalization on Environment?," MPRA Paper 50590, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 15 Oct 2006.
    4. Ling, Chong Hui & Ahmed, Khalid & Muhamad, Rusnah binti & Shahbaz, Muhammad, 2015. "Decomposing the trade-environment nexus for Malaysia: What do the technique, scale, composition and comparative advantage effect indicate?," MPRA Paper 67165, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 09 Oct 2015.
    5. Bataka, Hodabalo, 2021. "Globalization and Environmental Pollution in Sub-Saharan Africa," African Journal of Economic Review, African Journal of Economic Review, vol. 9(1), January.
    6. Pei, Jiansuo & Meng, Bo & Wang, Fei & Xue, Jinjun, 2015. "Production sharing, demand spillovers and CO2 emissions : the case of Chinese regions in GVCs," IDE Discussion Papers 493, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO).
    7. Chris Milner & Fangya Xu, 2009. "On The Pollution Content of China’s Trade: Clearing the Air?," Discussion Papers 09/19, University of Nottingham, GEP.
    8. Dietzenbacher, Erik & Pei, Jiansuo & Yang, Cuihong, 2012. "Trade, production fragmentation, and China's carbon dioxide emissions," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 64(1), pages 88-101.
    9. Adams, Samuel & Klobodu, Edem Kwame Mensah, 2017. "Urbanization, democracy, bureaucratic quality, and environmental degradation," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 39(6), pages 1035-1051.
    10. Yilmaz BAYAR & Ömer Faruk OZTURK, 2016. "Trade Openness and Environmental Pollution in Emerging Market Economies," Eurasian Eononometrics, Statistics and Emprical Economics Journal, Eurasian Academy Of Sciences, vol. 3(3), pages 33-42, January.
    11. Jiansuo Pei & Bodo Sturm & Anqi Yu, 2021. "Are exporters more environmentally friendly? A re‐appraisal that uses China’s micro‐data," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44(5), pages 1402-1427, May.
    12. Audi, Marc & Ali, Amjad, 2018. "Determinants of Environmental Degradation under the Perspective of Globalization: A Panel Analysis of Selected MENA Nations," MPRA Paper 85776, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Eric Evans Osei Opoku & Alex O. Acheampong & Janet Dzator & Nana Kwabena Kufuor, 2022. "Does environmental sustainability attract foreign investment? Evidence from developing countries," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(7), pages 3542-3573, November.
    14. Jiansuo Pei & Bo Meng & Fei Wang & Jinjun Xue & Zhongxiu Zhao, 2018. "Production Sharing, Demand Spillovers And Co2 Emissions: The Case Of Chinese Regions In Global Value Chains," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 63(02), pages 275-293, March.
    15. Qiong Wu & Kanittha Tambunlertchai & Pongsa Pornchaiwiseskul, 2021. "Examining the Impact and Influencing Channels of Carbon Emission Trading Pilot Markets in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-18, May.
    16. Ning Chang, 2012. "The empirical relationship between openness and environmental pollution in China," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(6), pages 783-796, August.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    International trade; Environment; Pollution haven; Factor endowment; Inputoutput analysis.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F18 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Environment
    • Q32 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - Exhaustible Resources and Economic Development
    • D57 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Input-Output Tables and Analysis

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