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Are European Health Models Still Different?

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  • Liberati, P.

Abstract

This paper discusses the applicability of the traditional classification of welfare systems described in Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism by Esping-Andersen (1990) when applied to the health sector in Europe. To this purpose, we use a cluster analysis on 26 European countries from 2001 to 2021, to identify, if any, distinct health models. Our main findings suggest that, in Europe, the original typology of Esping-Andersen is hardly confirmed, and sometimes dismissed; second, in certain cases, only an Eastern European model emerges; third, a neat separation between the Nordic and the Continental model disappears, giving some evidence, in Europe, of a weak form of convergence of health systems driven more by economic constraints than by political and social attitudes.

Suggested Citation

  • Liberati, P., 2024. "Are European Health Models Still Different?," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 2441, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    • Handle: RePEc:cam:camdae:2441
    Note: pl202
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Health; Welfare State; Cluster; Europe; Esping-Andersen;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H11 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Structure and Scope of Government
    • H51 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Health
    • I1 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health

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