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Supplementary Paper Series for the "Comprehensive Assessment" (3): Policy Effects since the Introduction of Quantitative and Qualitative Monetary Easing (QQE) -- Assessment Based on Bank of Japan's Large-scale Macroeconomic Model (Q-JEM) --

Author

Listed:
  • Kazutoshi Kan

    (Bank of Japan)

  • Yui Kishaba

    (Bank of Japan)

  • Tomohiro Tsuruga

    (Bank of Japan)

Abstract

Three and a half years or so have passed since the Bank of Japan introduced Quantitative and Qualitative Monetary Easing (QQE) in April 2013. This paper presents a simulation exercise based on the Bank of Japan's large-scale macroeconomic model (Q-JEM) to assess the impact of policies since the introduction of QQE on Japan's economic activity and prices. In this exercise, we consider hypothetical scenarios assuming that QQE and subsequent easing measures had not been introduced, and conduct counterfactual simulations to examine how the Japanese economy and prices would have evolved under these scenarios. In this setting, we estimate the policy effects as the difference between the actual data and the counterfactual paths. We use two different starting points for the simulation: the introduction of QQE in Q2 2013, and the quarter before the introduction of QQE, when the Bank introduced its inflation target and markets may have anticipated a major policy change. Moreover, for each of the two different starting points, we consider two different cases in terms of what is regarded as part of the monetary policy shock brought about by QQE and subsequent policy measure. Specifically, in the first case, the monetary policy shock includes only the decline in real interest rates, and changes in exchange rates and stock prices are regarded as consequences of the policy shock only to the extent that they are explained within the model. In the second case, it includes all the changes in exchange rates and stock prices (beyond those predicted by the model). The simulation results indicate that in three out of the four scenarios, the year-on-year rate of change in the CPI (all items less fresh food and energy) would have stayed negative or close to zero percent without the introduction of QQE and subsequent policy measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Kazutoshi Kan & Yui Kishaba & Tomohiro Tsuruga, 2016. "Supplementary Paper Series for the "Comprehensive Assessment" (3): Policy Effects since the Introduction of Quantitative and Qualitative Monetary Easing (QQE) -- Assessment Based on Bank of ," Bank of Japan Working Paper Series 16-E-15, Bank of Japan.
    • Handle: RePEc:boj:bojwps:wp16e15
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kei Imakubo & Haruki Kojima & Jouchi Nakajima, 2018. "The natural yield curve: its concept and measurement," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 55(2), pages 551-572, September.
    2. Monetary Affairs Department, 2015. "Quantitative and Qualitative Monetary Easing: Assessment of Its Effects in the Two Years since Its Introduction," Bank of Japan Review Series 15-E-3, Bank of Japan.
    3. Ichiro Fukunaga & Naoko Hara & Satoko Kojima & Yoichi Ueno & Shunichi Yoneyama, 2011. "The Quarterly Japanese Economic Model (Q-JEM): 2011 Version," Bank of Japan Working Paper Series 11-E-11, Bank of Japan.
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    Cited by:

    1. Fructuoso Borrallo Egea & Pedro del Río López, 2021. "Estrategia de política monetaria e inflación en Japón," Occasional Papers 2116, Banco de España.
    2. Ryou, Jai Won & Baak, Saang Joon & Kim, Won Joong, 2019. "Effects of Japanese quantitative easing policy on the economies of Japan and Korea," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 241-252.
    3. Naohisa Hirakata & Kazutoshi Kan & Akihiro Kanafuji & Yosuke Kido & Yui Kishaba & Tomonori Murakoshi & Takeshi Shinohara, 2019. "The Quarterly Japanese Economic Model (Q-JEM): 2019 version," Bank of Japan Working Paper Series 19-E-7, Bank of Japan.
    4. Takuji Kawamoto & Takashi Nakazawa & Yui Kishaba & Kohei Matsumura & Jouchi Nakajima, 2021. "Supplementary Paper Series for the "Assessment" (2): Estimating Effects of Expansionary Monetary Policy since the Introduction of Quantitative and Qualitative Monetary Easing (QQE) Using the," Bank of Japan Working Paper Series 21-E-4, Bank of Japan.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Inflation; Inflation expectation; Macroeconomic model; Unconventional monetary policy; Asset purchase; Quantitative easing;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E17 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • E37 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies

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