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Why issue bonds offshore?

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  • Susan Black
  • Anella Munro

Abstract

This paper asks why Asia-Pacific residents issue debt in offshore markets and considers the implications for domestic debt markets. We use unit record data for bond issuance by non-government residents of Australia, Hong Kong, Korea, Japan and Singapore to link the decision to issue offshore to potential benefits. The results suggest that residents of smaller markets issue bonds offshore to arbitrage price differentials; to access foreign investors; and to issue larger, lower-rated or longer-maturity bonds. These bond characteristics tend to be correlated with offshore bond market size. The results support the notions that (i) deviations from covered interest parity are actively arbitraged by residents of minor currency areas, as well as by internationally active borrowers, as established in the literature; and (ii) issuers benefit from the liquidity and diversification of larger "complete" offshore markets. Against the potential benefits to borrowers, we consider the risks for both borrowers and the domestic market, and lessons from the ongoing financial crisis such as the benefits of funding diversification.

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  • Susan Black & Anella Munro, 2010. "Why issue bonds offshore?," BIS Working Papers 334, Bank for International Settlements.
    • Handle: RePEc:bis:biswps:334
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    Cited by:

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    2. Mizen, Paul & Packer, Frank & Remolona, Eli & Tsoukas, Serafeim, 2021. "Original sin in corporate finance: New evidence from Asian bond issuers in onshore and offshore markets," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    3. Michael Brei, 2013. "Offshore financial centers in the Caribbean: An overview," EconomiX Working Papers 2013-40, University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX.
    4. Fauver, Larry & McDonald, Michael B., 2015. "Culture, agency costs, and governance: International evidence on capital structure," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 1-23.
    5. Mark M. Spiegel, 2012. "Developing Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: Why and How?," Chapters, in: Masahiro Kawai & David G. Mayes & Peter Morgan (ed.), Implications of the Global Financial Crisis for Financial Reform and Regulation in Asia, chapter 11, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    6. Carol Bertaut & Beau Bressler & Stephanie Curcuru, 2020. "Globalisation and the reach of multinationals: implications for portfolio exposures, capital flows, and home bias," IFC Bulletins chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Bridging measurement challenges and analytical needs of external statistics: evolution or revolution?, volume 52, Bank for International Settlements.
    7. Paul Mizen & Frank Packer & Eli Remolona & Serafeim Tsoukas, 2014. "Capital structure and the issuance of corporate bonds in emerging Asia," Chapters, in: Iwan J. Azis & Hyun S. Shin (ed.), Global Shock, Risks, and Asian Financial Reform, chapter 13, pages 510-540, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    8. Diego Alejandro Martínez Cruz & José Fernando Moreno Gutiérrez & Juan Sebastián Rojas Moreno, 2015. "Evolución de la relación entre bonos locales y externos del gobierno colombiano frente a choques de riesgo," Borradores de Economia 919, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    9. Allen, Franklin & Carletti, Elena & Qianc, Jun “QJ†& Valenzuela, Patricio, 2013. "Financial Intermediation, Markets, and Alternative Financial Sectors," Handbook of the Economics of Finance, in: G.M. Constantinides & M. Harris & R. M. Stulz (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Finance, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 759-798, Elsevier.
    10. Paul Mizen & Frank Packer & Eli Remolona & Serafeim Tsoukas, 2012. "Why do firms issue abroad? Lessons from onshore and offshore corporate bond finance in Asian emerging markets," Discussion Papers 12/15, University of Nottingham, Centre for Finance, Credit and Macroeconomics (CFCM).
    11. Adrian Robles & Bennett Sutton & Svetlana Vtyurina, 2017. "Patterns and Drivers of Corporate Bonds in Latin America," Monetaria, Centro de Estudios Monetarios Latinoamericanos, CEMLA, vol. 0(2), pages 271-320, July-Dece.
    12. Luna Azahara Romo González, 2016. "The drivers of European banks’ US dollar debt issuance: opportunistic funding in times of crisis?," Working Papers 1611, Banco de España.
    13. Renzo Rossini & Zenon Quispe, 2015. "Evolution of bank and non-bank corporate funding in Peru," BIS Papers chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), What do new forms of finance mean for EM central banks?, volume 83, pages 273-292, Bank for International Settlements.
    14. Renu Kohli & Pravakar Sahoo & M. Shuheb Khan, 2017. "Developing India's Offshore Local Currency Bond Market: Lessons from Emerging Countries," Working Papers id:12039, eSocialSciences.
    15. Galvez, Julio & Gambacorta, Leonardo & Mayordomo, Sergio & Serena, Jose Maria, 2021. "Dollar borrowing, firm credit risk, and FX-hedged funding opportunities," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    16. Chen, Su & Yin, Lu, 2022. "Why do firms issue U.S. dollar bond abroad? Evidence from Chinese non-financial listed corporations," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    17. Yilmaz Akyüz, 2014. "Internationalization of Finance and Changing Vulnerabilities in Emerging and Developing Economies," UNCTAD Discussion Papers 217, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
    18. Huang, Anni & Kishor, N. Kundan, 2017. "Corporate Overseas Debt Issuance in the Context of Global Liquidity Transmission," MPRA Paper 83476, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    19. Fernandes, Marcelo & Nunes, Ricardo, 2014. "Brazilian Corporate Debt Issuance: Should You Invest in Local or International Bonds?," Brazilian Review of Econometrics, Sociedade Brasileira de Econometria - SBE, vol. 34(2), November.

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    Keywords

    offshore bonds; interest rate parity; local currency debt;
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