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How does globalization affect ecological pressures? A robust empirical analysis using the Ecological Footprint

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  • Rudolph , Alexandra
  • Figge, Lukas

Abstract

While the relationship between environmental pressures and globalization is often claimed to be unambiguously positive, there is a substantial gap in the literature regarding systematic evidence. We fill this gap by empirically disentangling the nexus between globalization and environmental degradation while at the same time taking the multidimensionality of the concepts serious. The Ecological Footprint (EF) provides a holistic approach to environmental degradation. We generate a data set covering 146 countries over the 1981-2009 period and use an Extreme Bounds Analysis (EBA) to identify a robust set of controls testing different claims of the literature. Subsequently, we test our hypothesis regarding globalization controlling for this vector of controls. Our findings suggest that the simple positive correlation has to be interpreted with care, since the multivariate analysis reveals a more detailed picture of the complex relationship.

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  • Rudolph , Alexandra & Figge, Lukas, 2015. "How does globalization affect ecological pressures? A robust empirical analysis using the Ecological Footprint," Working Papers 0599, University of Heidelberg, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:awi:wpaper:0599
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    2. Simona Ioana Ghiþã & Rodica Manuela Gogonea & Andreea Simona Sãseanu, 2019. "Manifestations of the European Ecological Footprint from the Perspective of Social Responsibility Codes," The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal, Academy of Economic Studies - Bucharest, Romania, vol. 21(52), pages 554-554, August.
    3. Ismail Bulent Gurbuz & Elcin Nesirov & Gulay Ozkan, 2021. "Investigating environmental awareness of citizens of Azerbaijan: a survey on ecological footprint," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(7), pages 10378-10396, July.
    4. Qaiser Munir & Hooi Hooi Lean & Tamara Teplova & Nazia Nazeer, 2024. "The threshold effect of energy intensity on the emission-growth nexus in Malaysia," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(9), pages 23303-23326, September.
    5. Kang, Han & Li, Le & Feng, Jin, 2023. "Are natural resources a hindrance to ecological footprint? Mineral rents, energy production, and consumption positions," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 86(PA).
    6. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Balsalobre, Daniel & Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain, 2018. "The Influencing Factors of CO2 Emissions and the Role of Biomass Energy Consumption: Statistical Experience from G-7 Countries," MPRA Paper 87456, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 14 Jun 2018.

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    Keywords

    Ecological Footprint; Globalization; EBA; Global environmental change;
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