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Croissance et emploi dans les pays du Sud et de l’Est de la Méditerranée : les gains de productivité du travail jouent-ils un rôle dans la création d‘emplois ?

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  • Nicole MADARIAGA

Abstract

Les origines des contestations populaires qui se sont produites dans plusieurs pays du monde arabe à partir de décembre 2010 ont été très nombreuses. Les « printemps arabes » se sont nourris de revendications visant un changement démocratique mais également de faiblesses socioéconomiques qui pesaient depuis longtemps sur ces pays. Parmi elles figure le chômage des jeunes diplômés, désabusés par les promesses d‘emplois non tenues, qui sont pourtant explicitement inscrites dans la plupart des constitutions des pays du Sud et de l’Est de la Méditerranée (PSEM) depuis les indépendances. Les déceptions sont d‘autant plus fortes que les taux de croissance sur la décennie 2000 dans la plupart de ces pays ont atteint des niveaux parfaitement honorables relativement à d‘autres zones en développement, voire émergentes.Cette étude cherche à expliquer cette carence en emploi de la croissance économique des PSEM. Plus précisément, il s‘agit de déterminer quelle est l’intensité en emploi de la croissance des pays de la sous-région et quelles sont les conséquences des changements structurels sur cette intensité. Pour ce faire, l’analyse s‘intéresse particulièrement au rôle exercé par les évolutions de la structure sectorielle des activités sur la croissance de la productivité globale du travail.Lire la tribune de l'auteur sur le blog Idées pour le développement (http://ideas4development.org/croissance-sans-emploi-en-mediterranee-que-faire/).

Suggested Citation

  • Nicole MADARIAGA, 2017. "Croissance et emploi dans les pays du Sud et de l’Est de la Méditerranée : les gains de productivité du travail jouent-ils un rôle dans la création d‘emplois ?," Working Paper 9b2b8869-9df8-46a0-b0c2-e, Agence française de développement.
    • Handle: RePEc:avg:wpaper:fr595
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

    Afrique; Égypte; Maroc; Tunisie; Jordanie; Liban; Turquie;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics

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