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Instituciones, recursos naturales y sus efectos en el crecimiento económico: un sistema de ecuaciones simultáneas en panel de datos

Author

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  • José Luis Nolazco

    (MEF y Universidad de Lima)

  • Claudio Bravo-Ortega

    (Universidad de Chile)

Abstract

El objetivo de este trabajo es doble. Por un lado, se evalúa el impacto de las instituciones, el capital humano y físico sobre el crecimiento económico cuando un país depende de los recursos naturales. Por otro lado, se utiliza una metodología que corrige las deficiencias de estudios previos. Los resultados para una muestra de 64 países indican que si las instituciones son malas (excelentes), los países deberían incrementar la tasa de crecimiento del PIB per cápita en un 0.56 (1.01), 0.45 (1.02), 0.24 (0.40) si aumenta las exportaciones de alimentos, materias primas agrícolas y primarias por una desviación estándar, respectivamente. Para el caso de oro y metales, con malas (excelentes) instituciones la tasa de crecimiento del PIB per cápita disminuye en 1.34 (1.18) ante un incremento de dichas exportaciones por una desviación estándar. El estudio encuentra que se cumple la apropiabilidad técnica de los recursos en el crecimiento económico y; aquellos países con mejores instituciones contrarrestan el efecto negativo ocasionado por la maldición de los recursos naturales.

Suggested Citation

  • José Luis Nolazco & Claudio Bravo-Ortega, 2016. "Instituciones, recursos naturales y sus efectos en el crecimiento económico: un sistema de ecuaciones simultáneas en panel de datos," Working Papers 82, Peruvian Economic Association.
    • Handle: RePEc:apc:wpaper:2016-082
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    instituciones; recursos naturales; crecimiento económico; capital humano y físico;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • O43 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Institutions and Growth
    • O44 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Environment and Growth
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence

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