IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/aly/journl/201818.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

How Perceptions of Bank Financing Constraints Differ Among Characteristics of SMEs: Evidence from Turkey

Author

Listed:
  • Mehmet Civelek

    (Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Czech Republic)

  • Ibrahim Dursun

    (International University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)

  • Ashiqur Rahman

    (Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Czech Republic)

Abstract

The aim of this study is to identify and compare the differences based on various characteristics (such as size, legal structure and age) of SMEs and their perceptions of some problems related to accessing bank financing. The issues that could be perceived as obstacles by SME executives are high amounts of required collateral, high costs of credits and uncertainties in long term interest rates. In this regard, the research question can be formed as whether a firm size, age and legal structure differ in terms of perceived bank credit obstacles. The data was collected by face-to-face surveys from one thousand Turkish SMEs in 2011 and 533 of them were investigated with regard to the specified purpose of this study. All of the firms were located in Ankara, Turkey, had gained credit from banks in last three years, and were members of Ankara Chamber of Commerce (ATO). P values from Chi Square and Z tests were used in order to analyze the sample, to find differences between selected factors and to show if the differences are statistically significant or not. The empirical results of the study demonstrate that perceptions of bank loan problems are reduced for older SMEs. However, the findings do not confirm dissimilarities between the different sizes and legal structures of enterprises with respect to their perceived level of bank credit obstacles. This might be the result of the similar effects of regulations of the Turkish government, Basel Committee and Turkish Banking Sector on these firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Mehmet Civelek & Ibrahim Dursun & Ashiqur Rahman, "undated". "How Perceptions of Bank Financing Constraints Differ Among Characteristics of SMEs: Evidence from Turkey," Review of Socio - Economic Perspectives 201818, Reviewsep.
    • Handle: RePEc:aly:journl:201818
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.19275/RSEP046
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.reviewsep.com/my_documents/my_files/4ED_2_CIVELEK_Arranged.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://reviewsep.com/?page_id=323
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/https://doi.org/10.19275/RSEP046?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Erik Canton & Isabel Grilo & Josefa Monteagudo & Peter Zwan, 2013. "Perceived credit constraints in the European Union," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 41(3), pages 701-715, October.
    2. Harry Makler & Walter L. Ness & Adrian E. Tschoegl, 2013. "Inequalities in Firms’ Access to Credit in Latin America," Global Economy Journal (GEJ), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 13(03n04), pages 283-318, December.
    3. Cassar, Gavin, 2004. "The financing of business start-ups," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 261-283, March.
    4. Abubakr Saeed & Muhammad Sameer, 2015. "Financial constraints, bank concentration and SMEs: evidence from Pakistan," Studies in Economics and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 32(4), pages 503-524, October.
    5. World Bank, 2011. "Turkey - Improving Conditions for SME Growth Finance and Innovation," World Bank Publications - Reports 12211, The World Bank Group.
    6. Beck, Thorsten & Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Laeven, Luc & Maksimovic, Vojislav, 2006. "The determinants of financing obstacles," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(6), pages 932-952, October.
    7. Beck, T.H.L., 2007. "Financing constraints of SMEs in developing countries : Evidence, determinants and solutions," Other publications TiSEM 85aac075-08b5-44ce-bf1a-9, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    8. Oya Pinar Ardic & Nataliya Mylenko & Valentina Saltane, 2012. "Access to Finance by Small and Medium Enterprises: a Cross-Country Analysis with A New Data Set," Pacific Economic Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 17(4), pages 491-513, October.
    9. Yan Dong & Chao Men, 2014. "SME Financing in Emerging Markets: Firm Characteristics, Banking Structure and Institutions," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(1), pages 120-149, January.
    10. Dietmar Harhoff & Konrad Stahl & Michaerl Woywode, 1998. "Legal Form, Growth and Exit of West German Firms—Empirical Results for Manufacturing, Construction, Trade and Service Industries," Journal of Industrial Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(4), pages 453-488, December.
    11. Ashiqur Rahman & Mehmet Civelek & Ludmila Kozubíková, 2016. "Proactiveness, Competitive Aggressiveness And Autonomy: A Comparative Study From The Czech Republic," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 11(3), pages 631-650, September.
    12. Rowe,J. W. F., 2014. "Markets and Men," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9781107675001, January.
    13. Thorsten Beck & Asli Demirgüç-Kunt & Ross Levine, 2007. "Finance, inequality and the poor," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 27-49, March.
    14. Berger, Allen N. & Udell, Gregory F., 2006. "A more complete conceptual framework for SME finance," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(11), pages 2945-2966, November.
    15. Raymond Posey & Alan K. Reichert, 2011. "Terms Of Lending For Small Business Lines Of Credit: The Role Of Loan Guarantees," The International Journal of Business and Finance Research, The Institute for Business and Finance Research, vol. 5(1), pages 91-102.
    16. Berger, Allen N & Udell, Gregory F, 1995. "Relationship Lending and Lines of Credit in Small Firm Finance," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 68(3), pages 351-381, July.
    17. repec:bla:jindec:v:46:y:1998:i:4:p:453-88 is not listed on IDEAS
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Szabó, Zsolt, 2019. "Elbátortalanodott hiteligénylők a vállalati szektorban [Discouraged borrowers in the corporate sector]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(11), pages 1145-1186.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Esho, Ebes & Verhoef, Grietjie, 2018. "The Funding Gap and the Financing of Small and Medium Businesses: An Integrated Literature Review and an Agenda," MPRA Paper 90153, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 21 Nov 2018.
    2. Moro, Andrea & Maresch, Daniela & Fink, Matthias & Ferrando, Annalisa & Piga, Claudio, 2020. "Spillover effects of government initiatives fostering entrepreneurship on the access to bank credit for entrepreneurial firms in Europe," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    3. Mallik, Girijasankar & Nguyen, Duc Nguyen & Chowdhury, Anis, 2022. "Does firm size really affect the outcome of loan applications?," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 806-820.
    4. Mirgul Nizaeva & Ali Coskun, 2019. "Investigating the Relationship Between Financial Constraint and Growth of SMEs in South Eastern Europe," SAGE Open, , vol. 9(3), pages 21582440198, September.
    5. Pierluigi Murro & Valentina Peruzzi, 2018. "Cooperative banks and income inequality: Evidence from Italian provinces," Working Papers CASMEF 1804, Dipartimento di Economia e Finanza, LUISS Guido Carli.
    6. Elmas Yaldiz Hanedar & Eleonora Broccardo & Flavio Bazzana, 2012. "Collateral Requirements of SMEs:The Evidence from Less–Developed Countries," Centro Studi di Banca e Finanza (CEFIN) (Center for Studies in Banking and Finance) 0034, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi".
    7. Arráiz,Irani & Bruhn,Miriam & Stucchi,Rodolfo Mario, 2015. "Psychometrics as a tool to improve screening and access to credit," Policy Research Working Paper Series 7506, The World Bank.
    8. Mac an Bhaird, Ciarán & Vidal, Javier Sanchez & Lucey, Brian, 2016. "Discouraged borrowers: Evidence for Eurozone SMEs," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 46-55.
    9. Ardic, Oya Pinar & Mylenko, Nataliya & Saltane, Valentina, 2011. "Small and medium enterprises : a cross-country analysis with a new data set," Policy Research Working Paper Series 5538, The World Bank.
    10. Raoul Minetti & Pierluigi Murro & Valentina Peruzzi, 2021. "Not All Banks Are Equal: Cooperative Banking And Income Inequality," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 59(1), pages 420-440, January.
    11. Ashiqur Rahman & Jaroslav Belas & Tomas Kliestik & Ladislav Tyll, 2017. "Collateral requirements for SME loans: empirical evidence from the Visegrad countries," Journal of Business Economics and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(4), pages 650-675, July.
    12. Faisal Buyinza & John Mutenyo & Anthony Tibaingana, 2018. "Factors Affecting Access to Formal Credit by Micro and Small Enterprises in Uganda," Athens Journal of Business & Economics, Athens Institute for Education and Research (ATINER), vol. 4(4), pages 405-424, October.
    13. Ferrando, Annalisa & Martinez-Carrascal, Carmen & Coluzzi, Chiara, 2009. "Financing obstacles and growth: an analysis for euro area non-financial corporations," Working Paper Series 997, European Central Bank.
    14. Minetti, Raoul & Murro, Pierluigi & Peruzzi, Valentina, 2019. "One size does not fit all. Cooperative banking and income inequality," Working Papers 2019-10, Michigan State University, Department of Economics.
    15. World Bank, 2010. "Scaling-Up SME Access to Financial Services," World Bank Publications - Reports 12515, The World Bank Group.
    16. Scott McCarthy & Barry Oliver & Martie-Louise Verreynne, 2017. "Bank financing and credit rationing of Australian SMEs," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 42(1), pages 58-85, February.
    17. Horvath, Akos & Lang, Peter, 2021. "Do loan subsidies boost the real activity of small firms?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    18. Thi Anh Nhu Nguyen, "undated". "Financing Constraints On Smes In Emerging Markets: Does Financial Literacy Matter?," Review of Socio - Economic Perspectives 201711, Reviewsep.
    19. Yaldız Hanedar, Elmas & Broccardo, Eleonora & Bazzana, Flavio, 2014. "Collateral requirements of SMEs: The evidence from less-developed countries," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 106-121.
    20. Arráiz,Irani & Bruhn,Miriam & Stucchi,Rodolfo Mario, 2015. "Psychometrics as a tool to improve screening and access to credit," Policy Research Working Paper Series 7506, The World Bank.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Financial Constraints; Access to Bank Credit; SMEs; Turkey;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship
    • O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:aly:journl:201818. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Veysel KAYA (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/degraus.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.