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Spanish Agri-Food Exports, 1850-2022: an Overview

Author

Listed:
  • María-Isabel Ayuda

    (Departamento de Análisis Económico, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad de Zaragoza e IEDIS, Gran Vía 4, 50005 Zaragoza)

  • Ernesto Clar

    (Departamento de Economía Aplicada, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad de Zaragoza e Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Spain)

  • Teresa Leach

    (Independent Researcher)

  • Vicente Pinilla

    (Departamento de Economía Aplicada, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad de Zaragoza e Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Spain)

  • Raúl Serrano

    (Departamento de Economía Aplicada, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad de Zaragoza e Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Spain)

Abstract

This essay analyzes the evolution of Spanish agri-food exports over the past 175 years. It also reflects on the factors that have determined their performance, as well as their possible impact on the agricultural sector. Until the Civil War, these exports accounted for a significant portion of total exports and had a notable influence on final agricultural production. Although during the second half of the 20th century they lost relative weight in total trade significantly, their growth was very rapid, and consequently, their impact on production was even greater. Among their contributions to economic growth, their relevance in balancing foreign accounts throughout most of the studied period stands out. Agri-food exports have contributed to economic development by improving the purchasing capacity of the economy and generating significant backward, forward, and final demand linkages. In short, they increased real income by improving resource allocation, as the comparative advantages of agriculture and the agri-food industry were leveraged, and productive factors were utilized more efficiently.

Suggested Citation

  • María-Isabel Ayuda & Ernesto Clar & Teresa Leach & Vicente Pinilla & Raúl Serrano, 2024. "Spanish Agri-Food Exports, 1850-2022: an Overview," Documentos de Trabajo (DT-AEHE) 2408, Asociación Española de Historia Económica.
  • Handle: RePEc:ahe:dtaehe:2408
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Spanish Agricultural History; Agri-Food Exports; Spanish Foreign Trade;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • N53 - Economic History - - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment and Extractive Industries - - - Europe: Pre-1913
    • N54 - Economic History - - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment and Extractive Industries - - - Europe: 1913-
    • Q17 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agriculture in International Trade

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