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Wem gehört das Land?

Author

Listed:
  • Jänicke, Clemens
  • Balmann, Alfons
  • Müller, Daniel

Abstract

Der landwirtschaftliche Bodenmarkt in Deutschland steht seit Jahren im Fokus politischer Debatten, in der sich Forderungen nach einer stärkeren Regulierung des Bodenmarktes mehren. Anlass dieser Debatte sind eine erhöhte Konkurrenz um landwirtschaftliche Flächen, wobei besondere Probleme im Erwerb landwirtschaftlicher Flächen durch landwirtschaftsfremde Investoren und in der Entstehung von Agrarkonzernen durch Übernahmen größerer Betriebe gesehen werden. Verschiedene Bundesländer haben Gesetzesinitiativen zur stärkeren Regulierung des Bodenmarkts ergriffen, um die Konzentration von Land in den Händen weniger Akteure zu verhindern. Vorgeschlagene Maßnahmen sind jedoch umstritten. Zudem liegen kaum Informationen zur tatsächlichen Eigentumskonzentration und Eigentumsstrukturen auf dem Bodenmarkt vor. Um dem zu begegnen, werden in diesem Policy Brief für das Bundesland Brandenburg alle Eigentumsflächen anhand des Liegenschaftskatasters ausgewertet. In Brandenburg gibt es demzufolge 185.278 Eigentümer landwirtschaftlicher Flächen. Etwa 52% der Fläche gehört insgesamt fast 175.000 nichtlandwirtschaftlichen Privatpersonen mit zumeist kleinen Flächen dominieren. Etwa 35% der Fläche gehört landwirtschaftlichen Eigentümern, davon gut die Hälfte Unternehmensnetzwerken. Der Rest der Fläche verteilt sich insbesondere auf öffentliche Institutionen, Kirchen und Verbände. In den meisten Regionen Brandenburgs ist das Landeigentum entsprechend stark fragmentiert. Nur in wenigen Gegenden ist die Landkonzentrationen relativ hoch, scheint aber auch dort keine marktbeherrschende Stellung einzelner Akteure zu bedingen.

Suggested Citation

  • Jänicke, Clemens & Balmann, Alfons & Müller, Daniel, 2024. "Wem gehört das Land?," FORLand Project Publications 344853, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Economics and Social Sciences.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:bokufo:344853
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.344853
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Plogmann, Jana & Mußhoff, Oliver & Odening, Martin & Ritter, Matthias, 2022. "Farm growth and land concentration," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    2. Tietz, Andreas & Hubertus, Lena, 2024. "Erweiterte Untersuchung der Eigentumsstrukturen von Landwirtschaftsfläche in Deutschland: Ergebnisse der deskriptiven Analyse," Thünen Reports 116, Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries.
    3. Tietz, Andreas & Hubertus, Lena, 2024. "Erweiterte Untersuchung der Eigentumsstrukturen von Landwirtschaftsfläche in Deutschland: Ergebnisse der deskriptiven Analyse," Thünen Report 344706, Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut (vTI), Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries.
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    Keywords

    Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy;
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