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Long monthly temperature series and the Vector Seasonal Shifting Mean and Covariance Autoregressive model

Author

Listed:
  • Changli He

    (Tianjin University of Finance and Economics)

  • Jian Kang

    (Tianjin University of Finance and Economics)

  • Timo Teräsvirta

    (Aarhus University and CREATES)

  • Shuhua Zhang

    (Tianjin University of Finance and Economics)

Abstract

We consider a vector version of the Shifting Seasonal Mean Autoregressive model. The model is used for describing dynamic behaviour of and contemporaneous dependence between a number of long monthly temperature series for 20 cities in Europe, extending from the second half of the 18th century until mid-2010s. The results indicate strong warming in the winter months, February excluded, and cooling followed by warming during the summer months. Error variances are mostly constant over time, but for many series there is systematic decrease between 1820 and 1850 in April. Error correlations are considered by selecting two small sets of series and modelling correlations within these sets. Some correlations do change over time, but a large majority remains constant. Not surprisingly, the correlations generally decrease with the distance between cities, but geography also plays a role.

Suggested Citation

  • Changli He & Jian Kang & Timo Teräsvirta & Shuhua Zhang, 2019. "Long monthly temperature series and the Vector Seasonal Shifting Mean and Covariance Autoregressive model," CREATES Research Papers 2019-18, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University.
    • Handle: RePEc:aah:create:2019-18
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    7. He, Changli & Kang, Jian & Teräsvirta, Timo & Zhang, Shuhua, 2019. "The shifting seasonal mean autoregressive model and seasonality in the Central England monthly temperature series, 1772–2016," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 12(C), pages 1-24.
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    13. Silvennoinen, Annastiina & Teräsvirta, Timo, 2024. "Consistency and asymptotic normality of maximum likelihood estimators of a multiplicative time-varying smooth transition correlation GARCH model," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 57-72.
    14. Amado, Cristina & Teräsvirta, Timo, 2013. "Modelling volatility by variance decomposition," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 175(2), pages 142-153.
    15. Anthony D. Hall & Annastiina Silvennoinen & Timo Teräsvirta, 2023. "Building Multivariate Time-Varying Smooth Transition Correlation GARCH Models, with an Application to the Four Largest Australian Banks," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-37, February.
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    1. He, Changli & Kang, Jian & Teräsvirta, Timo & Zhang, Shuhua, 2021. "Comparing long monthly Chinese and selected European temperature series using the Vector Seasonal Shifting Mean and Covariance Autoregressive model," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Changing seasonality; nonlinear model; vector smooth transition; autoregression;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • C52 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

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