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Evacuation Trees with Contraflow and Divergence Considerations

In: Dynamics of Disasters

Author

Listed:
  • Omkar Achrekar

    (North Dakota State University)

  • Chrysafis Vogiatzis

    (North Carolina A&T State University)

Abstract

In this chapter, we investigate the well-studied evacuation planning problem, in which vehicles use the available road transportation network to reach safe areas (shelters) in the face of an upcoming disaster. To successfully evacuate these vehicles located in danger zones, our evacuation process needs to be fast, safe, and seamless. We enable the first two criteria by developing a macroscopic, time-dynamic evacuation model that aims to maximize a reward function, based on the number of people in relatively safer areas of the network at each time point. The third criterion is achieved by constructing an evacuation tree, where vehicles are evacuated using a single path to safety at each intersection. We extend on the definition of the evacuation tree by allowing for divergence and contraflow policies. Divergence enables specific nodes to diverge their flows into two or more streets, while contraflow allows certain streets to reverse their direction, effectively increasing their capacity. We investigate the performance of these policies in the evacuation networks obtained, and present results on two benchmark networks of Sioux Falls and Chicago.

Suggested Citation

  • Omkar Achrekar & Chrysafis Vogiatzis, 2018. "Evacuation Trees with Contraflow and Divergence Considerations," Springer Optimization and Its Applications, in: Ilias S. Kotsireas & Anna Nagurney & Panos M. Pardalos (ed.), Dynamics of Disasters, pages 1-46, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:spochp:978-3-319-97442-2_1
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-97442-2_1
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Durga Prasad Khanal & Urmila Pyakurel & Tanka Nath Dhamala & Stephan Dempe, 2022. "Efficient Algorithms for Abstract Flow with Partial Switching," SN Operations Research Forum, Springer, vol. 3(4), pages 1-17, December.
    2. Denissa Sari Darmawi Purba & Eleftheria Kontou & Chrysafis Vogiatzis, 2021. "Evacuation Route Planning for Alternative Fuel Vehicles," Papers 2109.01578, arXiv.org, revised May 2022.
    3. Urmila Pyakurel & Stephan Dempe, 2020. "Network Flow with Intermediate Storage: Models and Algorithms," SN Operations Research Forum, Springer, vol. 1(4), pages 1-23, December.

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