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Erhebung und Nutzung unstrukturierter Daten in den Sozial-, Verhaltens- und Wirtschaftswissenschaften

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  • Rat für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsdaten RatSWD

Abstract

Die zunehmende Digitalisierung unserer Lebenswelt in den letzten Jahrzehnten hat zu einer Reihe von neuen Datenquellen für die Sozial-, Verhaltens- und Wirtschaftswissenschaften geführt. Hierzu gehören vor allem auch unstrukturierte Daten, die sich dadurch auszeichnen, dass sie nicht in Form eines festen Datenformats vorliegen und daher nicht einfach datenanalytisch weiterverarbeitet werden können (z.B. Facebook-Texte, Instagram-Bilder, YouTube-Videos, Twitter-Nachrichten). Die Nutzung unstrukturierter Daten ist mit spezifischen Herausforderungen verknüpft, die gerade dadurch entstehen, dass die Daten typischerweise nicht in einer kontrollierten wissenschaftlichen Studie erhoben werden, sondern häufig im natürlichen Lebensumfeld anfallen. Aufbauend auf den Ergebnissen eines Expert:innen-Workshops werden die spezifischen Herausforderungen bei der Erhebung und Nutzung unstrukturierter Daten beschrieben und Empfehlungen formuliert. Diese orientieren sich am Total Error Framework und beziehen sich auf die Datengenerierung (Definition von Untersuchungseinheiten, Coverage und Sampling Error, Nonresponse und Missing Data Error), die Datenaufbereitung (Spezifikationsfehler, Validität, Messfehler und inhaltliche Fehler) sowie die Datenanalyse (Record Linkage und Verarbeitungsfehler, Modellierungsfehler, analytische Fehler). Abschließend werden offene Fragen und Herausforderungen bei der Forschung mit unstrukturierten Daten diskutiert.

Suggested Citation

  • Rat für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsdaten RatSWD (ed.), 2023. "Erhebung und Nutzung unstrukturierter Daten in den Sozial-, Verhaltens- und Wirtschaftswissenschaften," RatSWD Output Series, German Data Forum (RatSWD), volume 7, number 7-2de.
    • Handle: RePEc:rsw:rswout:7-2de
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.17620/02671.73
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