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Energiekonflikte und Demokratiekrise. Eine radikaldemokratische Perspektive auf das Ringen um Gemeinwohlziele der Energiewende

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  • Krüger, Timmo

Abstract

Der Klimawandel ist in öffentlichen Debatten (wieder) sehr präsent, spätestens seit den Protesten von Fridays for Future . Dies zeigte sich zuletzt in der Intensität der Kontroversen, in denen beispielsweise der Kohleausstieg auf gesamtgesellschaftlicher Ebene verhandelt wurde. Gleichzeitig nehmen lokale Konflikte um konkrete Energieprojekte zu. Die Virulenz der Energiekonflikte ist u. a. darauf zurückzuführen, dass sie oftmals Kristallisationspunkte für Auseinandersetzungen um die Anerkennung von bestimmten Interessen als legitime Gemeinwohlinteressen bilden. Diese Konflikte sind zunächst einmal eine Reaktion auf die Ausgestaltung der Energiewende und wirken auf diese zurück. Darüber hinaus stehen Energiekonflikte in einem wechselseitigen Wirkungsverhältnis mit der politischen Kultur. Sie sind Effekt und gleichzeitig Mitproduzent der in der Gesellschaft verhandelten Vorstellungen von Demokratie. Der vorliegende Artikel leistet einen zweifachen Beitrag zur Analyse der Gemeinwohlkonflikte in der Energiewende in Deutschland. Erstens werden empirische Ergebnisse der Energiewendeforschung im Hinblick auf die Auseinandersetzungen um die Definition und Priorisierung von Gemeinwohlzielen der Energiewende interpretiert. Ein zentraler Befund lautet, dass sich in den Energiekonflikten Phänomene einer Demokratiekrise zeigen, auf die in den Verhandlungen um konkrete Energieprojekte nicht adäquat reagiert werden kann. Zweitens werden die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse über Gemeinwohlkonflikte in der Energiewende demokratietheoretisch diskutiert. Dabei wird argumentiert, dass die fehlende Bereitschaft (von Akteur*innen der Regierungspolitik) zur Austragung von Konflikten um die Priorisierung von Gemeinwohlzielen der Energiewende ein zentrales Defizit darstellt. In Kombination mit der einseitigen Orientierung am deliberativen Demokratiemodell bei der Umsetzung von Energieprojekten verschärft dies die Tendenzen einer Demokratiekrise. Aus radikaldemokratischer Perspektive bedarf es agonistischer Streiträume, in denen politische Gegner*innen darum konkurrieren, ihre jeweiligen Energiewende-Visionen durchzusetzen.

Suggested Citation

  • Krüger, Timmo, 2021. "Energiekonflikte und Demokratiekrise. Eine radikaldemokratische Perspektive auf das Ringen um Gemeinwohlziele der Energiewende," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 31(4), pages 539-563.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:espost:251860
    DOI: 10.1007/s41358-021-00289-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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