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Reserve Requirements Survey

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Abstract

Banks have a private motive to hold some level of cash and liquid reserves, but the negative externalities of bank runs create a public interest in setting a regulatory level higher than the privately optimal level. We can think of such reserve requirements (RRs) as the original form of liquidity regulation. In this paper, we focus on 14 cases in which central banks adjusted RRs after crises hit, typically to deal with liquidity shortages in the banking system. We observe that RR adjustments have several advantages in a crisis: (1) such changes require little process, and the change for banks can be quick; (2) stigma concerns may be much lower than with emergency lending operations; (3) RRs can be used to fine-tune incentives for holding various types and maturities of assets; and (4) RR easing can complement a central bank's other liquidity support programs.

Suggested Citation

  • Metrick, Andrew, 2022. "Reserve Requirements Survey," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 4(4), pages 133-149, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:ysm:ypfsfc:v:4:y:2022:i:4:p:133-149
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    1. Carlos Montoro & Ramon Moreno, 2011. "The use of reserve requirements as a policy instrument in Latin America," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, March.
    2. Decker, Bailey, 2022. "Peru: Reserve Requirements, GFC," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 4(4), pages 513-533, April.
    3. Runkel, Corey, 2022. "Thailand: Reserve Requirements, AFC," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 4(4), pages 576-595, April.
    4. Fulmer, Sean, 2022. "Brazil: Reserve Requirements, GFC," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 4(4), pages 338-361, April.
    5. Bank for International Settlements, 2012. "Operationalising the selection and application of macroprudential instruments," CGFS Papers, Bank for International Settlements, number 48, december.
    6. Mott, Carey, 2022. "India: Reserve Requirements, GFC," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 4(4), pages 456-478, April.
    7. Decker, Bailey, 2022. "Malaysia: Reserve Requirements, AFC," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 4(4), pages 494-512, April.
    8. Mott, Carey, 2022. "China: Reserve Requirements, 2015-2016," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 4(4), pages 393-428, April.
    9. Mott, Carey, 2022. "China: Reserve Requirements, GFC," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 4(4), pages 362-392, April.
    10. Decker, Bailey, 2022. "Colombia: Reserve Requirements, GFC," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 4(4), pages 429-441, April.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    financial crisis intervention; liquidity; liquidity regulation; reserve requirement;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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