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The Resolution and Collection Corporation of Japan

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Though the Japanese real estate and stock market bubble burst in the early 1990s, the ensuing financial crisis in Japan did not reach a systemic level until 1997, when four large financial institutions failed in a single month. Because of their heavy exposure to real estate and equity markets, Japanese banks had a nonperforming loan (NPL) problem, which was prolonged, and private sector estimates of the scale of the NPL problem differed significantly from the official estimates. In response, the Japanese government created multiple asset management companies; the Resolution and Collection Corporation (RCC) was the result of the merger of two narrowly focused, semi-governmental agencies. The RCC, which began operating in 1999, was tasked with purchasing NPLs from both solvent and insolvent financial institutions. In 2001, its scope was expanded to include corporate restructuring and revitalization. Though there was no specified sunset date for insolvent institutions, the purchase window for solvent financial institutions ended on March 31, 2005. The RCC purchased JPY4,004 billion (approximately $37 billion) in bad debt (book value) at a purchase price of JPY353 billion from solvent institutions by March 2005, and it collected JPY642 billion by March 2008. The RCC purchased JPY6,366 billion in assets (estimated JPY29,000 billion book value) from failed financial institutions and recovered JPY7,143 billion by the end of March 2008. Though the RCC is operational as of today, its operations are no longer focused on resolving the 1990s crisis.

Suggested Citation

  • Dreyer, Mallory, 2021. "The Resolution and Collection Corporation of Japan," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 3(2), pages 410-449, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:ysm:ypfsfc:322121
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    Keywords

    asset management company; nonperforming loans; Japan; RCC;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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