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The Rescue of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac-Module F: Federal Reserve's Large-Scale Asset Purchase (LSAP) Program

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Abstract

By late 2008, the secondary mortgage markets were suffering high default rates, causing mortgage lending to slow and the value of mortgage securities to plummet. The Federal Reserve lowered the federal funds rate, and the government placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac into conservatorship, yet credit in housing and other financial markets remained tight. On November 25, the Fed announced its intent to purchase up to $500 billion in agency mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and $100 billion in agency debt to reduce the cost and increase the availability of mortgage credit, which would support housing markets and improve conditions in financial markets more generally. The Large-Scale Asset Purchase (LSAP) program (also known as Quantitative Easing I) expanded to include purchases of $300 billion in longer-term Treasury securities. The Fed began to wind down the program in September 2009 after purchasing in total $172.1 billion in agency debt, $1.25 trillion in MBS, and $300 billion in Treasury securities. Over the next several years, the Fed allowed its holdings of agency debt securities to run off, but it continued to purchase agency MBS and Treasury securities through subsequent purchase programs. The academic community generally concurs that the LSAP program succeeded in lowering interest rates, although it does not agree on its impact, particularly on lowering longer-term interest rates.

Suggested Citation

  • Kulam, Adam, 2021. "The Rescue of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac-Module F: Federal Reserve's Large-Scale Asset Purchase (LSAP) Program," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 3(1), pages 402-446, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:ysm:ypfsfc:311414
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    1. Arvind Krishnamurthy & Annette Vissing-Jorgensen, 2011. "The Effects of Quantitative Easing on Interest Rates: Channels and Implications for Policy," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 42(2 (Fall)), pages 215-287.
    2. Johannes Stroebel & John B. Taylor, 2012. "Estimated Impact of the Federal Reserve’s Mortgage-Backed Securities Purchase Program," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 8(2), pages 1-42, June.
    3. Joseph E. Gagnon & Matthew Raskin & Julie Remache & Brian P. Sack, 2011. "Large-scale asset purchases by the Federal Reserve: did they work?," Economic Policy Review, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, vol. 17(May), pages 41-59.
    4. Arvind Krishnamurthy & Annette Vissing-Jorgensen, 2011. "The Effects of Quantitative Easing on Interest Rates: Channels and Implications for Policy," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 43(2 (Fall)), pages 215-287.
    5. Stefania D'Amico & Thomas B. King, 2010. "Flow and stock effects of large-scale Treasury purchases," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2010-52, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    government-sponsored enterprises; LSAP program; QE; quantitative easing;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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