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The environmental consequences of fossil fuels in China: National and regional perspectives

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  • Bingjie Xu
  • Ruoyu Zhong
  • Gal Hochman
  • Kangyin Dong

Abstract

Control of the increasing fossil fuel‐based carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and the associated environmental consequences are important for sustainable development in China. Nevertheless, very few studies have investigated the environmental consequences of China's fossil fuels at both the national and regional levels. For this purpose, this study explores the dynamic relationships among CO2 emissions, economic growth, and consumption of various fossil fuels (i.e., coal, petroleum, and natural gas) in China, using the panel dataset of 30 provinces for the period 1997–2015. Considering the significant differences across various regions, the whole sample and different regions in China are analyzed separately. The estimated results, at both the national and regional levels, provide strong evidence in favor of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for CO2 emissions in China. Furthermore, increasing coal and petroleum consumption significantly promotes CO2 emissions. Conversely, natural gas offers a cleaner substitute for other fossil fuels (i.e., coal and petroleum); its substitution effect may be influenced by the share of natural gas in the total energy needs. Finally, the above findings highlight several policy implications for the Chinese government's policymakers to effectively reduce CO2 emissions in China, thereby setting the nation on a sustainable development path.

Suggested Citation

  • Bingjie Xu & Ruoyu Zhong & Gal Hochman & Kangyin Dong, 2019. "The environmental consequences of fossil fuels in China: National and regional perspectives," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(5), pages 826-837, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:sustdv:v:27:y:2019:i:5:p:826-837
    DOI: 10.1002/sd.1943
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    7. Bin Wang & Qiuxia Zheng & Ao Sun & Jie Bao & Dianting Wu, 2021. "Spatio-Temporal Patterns of CO 2 Emissions and Influencing Factors in China Using ESDA and PLS-SEM," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(21), pages 1-24, October.
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    9. Koçak, Emrah & Önderol, Seyit & Khan, Kamran, 2021. "Structural change, modernization, total factor productivity, and natural resources sustainability: An assessment with quantile and non-quantile estimators," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    10. Muhammad Khan, 2020. "CO2 emissions and sustainable economic development: New evidence on the role of human capital," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(5), pages 1279-1288, September.
    11. Dan Gabriel Dumitrescu & Alexandra Horobe? & Cristiana Doina Tudor & Lucian Belascu, 2023. "Renewables and Decarbonisation: Implications for Energy Policy in the European Union," The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal, Academy of Economic Studies - Bucharest, Romania, vol. 25(63), pages 345-345, April.
    12. Syed Abdul Rehman Khan & Danish Iqbal Godil & Muhammad Umer Quddoos & Zhang Yu & Muhammad Hanif Akhtar & Zijing Liang, 2021. "Investigating the nexus between energy, economic growth, and environmental quality: A road map for the sustainable development," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(5), pages 835-846, September.
    13. Wenhan Ren & Jing Ni & Wen Jiao & Yan Li, 2023. "Explore the key factors of sustainable development: A bibliometric and visual analysis of technological progress," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(1), pages 492-509, February.
    14. Muhammed Sehid Gorus & Erdal Tanas Karagol, 2023. "Factors affecting per capita ecological footprint in OECD countries: Evidence from machine learning techniquesa," Energy & Environment, , vol. 34(7), pages 2601-2618, November.
    15. Wang, Zhaojing & Jiang, Qingzhe & Dong, Kangyin & Mubarik, Muhammad Shujaat & Dong, Xiucheng, 2020. "Decomposition of the US CO2 emissions and its mitigation potential: An aggregate and sectoral analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    16. Loganath, Radhakrishnan & Senophiyah-Mary, J., 2020. "Critical review on the necessity of bioelectricity generation from slaughterhouse industry waste and wastewater using different anaerobic digestion reactors," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    17. Qiao, Hui & Chen, Siyu & Dong, Xiucheng & Dong, Kangyin, 2019. "Has China's coal consumption actually reached its peak? National and regional analysis considering cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    18. Lin Liang & Lei Jin & Gurpreet Singh Selopal & Federico Rosei, 2023. "Peace Engineering in Practice: China’s Energy Diplomacy Strategy and Its Global Implications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-17, January.
    19. Ya Wu & Chenyang Shuai & Liu Wu & Liyin Shen & Jianzhong Yan & Liudan Jiao & Shiju Liao, 2020. "A new experience mining approach for improving low carbon city development," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(4), pages 922-934, July.
    20. Danish & Recep Ulucak & Salah‐Ud‐Din Khan, 2020. "Relationship between energy intensity and CO2 emissions: Does economic policy matter?," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(5), pages 1457-1464, September.
    21. Bingjie Xu & Ruoyu Zhong & Hui Qiao, 2020. "The impact of biofuel consumption on CO2 emissions: A panel data analysis for seven selected G20 countries," Energy & Environment, , vol. 31(8), pages 1498-1514, December.
    22. Dou, Yue & Zhao, Jun & Dong, Xiucheng & Dong, Kangyin, 2021. "Quantifying the impacts of energy inequality on carbon emissions in China: A household-level analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).

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