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Food Stamp Caseloads over the Business Cycle

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  • James P. Ziliak
  • Craig Gundersen
  • David N. Figlio

Abstract

We use a dynamic model of food stamp caseloads with state‐level panel data to estimate the impact of the business cycle on food stamp caseloads in the era of welfare reform. The macroeconomy has a substantial impact on food stamp caseloads: A one‐percentage‐point increase in the unemployment rate leads to a 2.3% increase after one year. In terms of welfare policy, a 10‐percentage‐point increase in the share of a state's population waived from rules limiting food stamp receipt among able‐bodied adults without dependents (ABAWDs) results in a 0.5% increase in contemporaneous caseloads. States with waivers from the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program in the mid‐1990s had caseloads about 1.9% higher than nonwaiver states. While changes in AFDC caseloads have historically resulted in coincident changes in food stamp caseloads, our results suggest that the link between AFDC caseload and food stamp caseload changes has dissipated substantially after welfare reform. The cyclical sensitivity of food stamp caseloads indicates the importance of food stamps in smoothing consumption during economic recessions.

Suggested Citation

  • James P. Ziliak & Craig Gundersen & David N. Figlio, 2003. "Food Stamp Caseloads over the Business Cycle," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 69(4), pages 903-919, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:soecon:v:69:y:2003:i:4:p:903-919
    DOI: 10.1002/j.2325-8012.2003.tb00539.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Erik Hembre, 2023. "Examining SNAP and TANF caseload trends, responsiveness, and policies during the COVID‐19 pandemic," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 41(2), pages 262-281, April.
    2. Gabrielle Pepin, 2022. "The effects of welfare time limits on access to financial resources: Evidence from the 2010s," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 88(4), pages 1343-1372, April.
    3. Dodini, Samuel & Larrimore, Jeff & Tranfaglia, Anna, 2024. "Financial repercussions of SNAP work requirements," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).

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