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Effectiveness of FISK, an Invasiveness Screening Tool for Non‐Native Freshwater Fishes, to Perform Risk Identification Assessments in the Iberian Peninsula

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  • David Almeida
  • Filipe Ribeiro
  • Pedro M. Leunda
  • Lorenzo Vilizzi
  • Gordon H. Copp

Abstract

Risk assessments are crucial for identifying and mitigating impacts from biological invasions. The Fish Invasiveness Scoring Kit (FISK) is a risk identification (screening) tool for freshwater fishes consisting of two subject areas: biogeography/history and biology/ecology. According to the outcomes, species can be classified under particular risk categories. The aim of this study was to apply FISK to the Iberian Peninsula, a Mediterranean climate region highly important for freshwater fish conservation due to a high level of endemism. In total, 89 fish species were assessed by three independent assessors. Results from receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that FISK can discriminate reliably between noninvasive and invasive fishes for Iberia, with a threshold of 20.25, similar to those obtained in several regions around the world. Based on mean scores, no species was categorized as “low risk,” 50 species as “medium risk,” 17 as “moderately high risk,” 11 as “high risk,” and 11 as “very high risk.” The highest scoring species was goldfish Carassius auratus. Mean certainty in response was above the category “mostly certain,” ranging from tinfoil barb Barbonymus schwanenfeldii with the lowest certainty to eastern mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki with the highest level. Pair‐wise comparison showed significant differences between one assessor and the other two on mean certainty, with these two assessors showing a high coincidence rate for the species categorization. Overall, the results suggest that FISK is a useful and viable tool for assessing risks posed by non‐native fish in the Iberian Peninsula and contributes to a “watch list” in this region.

Suggested Citation

  • David Almeida & Filipe Ribeiro & Pedro M. Leunda & Lorenzo Vilizzi & Gordon H. Copp, 2013. "Effectiveness of FISK, an Invasiveness Screening Tool for Non‐Native Freshwater Fishes, to Perform Risk Identification Assessments in the Iberian Peninsula," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 33(8), pages 1404-1413, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:33:y:2013:i:8:p:1404-1413
    DOI: 10.1111/risa.12050
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gordon H. Copp & Lorenzo Vilizzi & John Mumford & Gemma V. Fenwick & Michael J. Godard & Rodolphe E. Gozlan, 2009. "Calibration of FISK, an Invasiveness Screening Tool for Nonnative Freshwater Fishes," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 29(3), pages 457-467, March.
    2. Larry L. Lawson & Jeffrey E. Hill & Lorenzo Vilizzi & Scott Hardin & Gordon H. Copp, 2013. "Revisions of the Fish Invasiveness Screening Kit (FISK) for its Application in Warmer Climatic Zones, with Particular Reference to Peninsular Florida," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 33(8), pages 1414-1431, August.
    3. Renken, Henk & Mumby, Peter J., 2009. "Modelling the dynamics of coral reef macroalgae using a Bayesian belief network approach," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 220(9), pages 1305-1314.
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    1. Rubén Ladrera & Beatriz Robredo & Unai Ortega-Lasuen & José Ramón Díez & Aritz Ruiz-González, 2020. "Unprepared to Deal with Invasion: Pre-Service Teachers’ Perception, Knowledge and Attitudes toward Invasive Species," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-17, December.

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