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Mathematical Modeling of Reproductive and Developmental Toxic Effects for Quantitative Risk Assessment

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Listed:
  • Ralph L. Kodell
  • Richard B. Howe
  • James J. Chen
  • David W. Gaylor

Abstract

A new mathematical dose‐response model for reproductive and developmental risk assessment is proposed. The model includes the possibility of an exposure threshold as well as a litter‐size effect. Correlation of responses of offspring from the same litter is taken into account through the use of the beta‐binomial distribution. Confidence limits for low‐dose extrapolation are based on the asymptotic distribution of the likelihood ratio. An empirical comparison of the proposed procedure to that of Rai and Van Ryzin(1) demonstrates the improvement that can be achieved with the new procedure.

Suggested Citation

  • Ralph L. Kodell & Richard B. Howe & James J. Chen & David W. Gaylor, 1991. "Mathematical Modeling of Reproductive and Developmental Toxic Effects for Quantitative Risk Assessment," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 11(4), pages 583-590, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:11:y:1991:i:4:p:583-590
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1991.tb00648.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Julie S. Najita & Paul J. Catalano, 2013. "On Determining the BMD from Multiple Outcomes in Developmental Toxicity Studies when One Outcome is Intentionally Missing," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 33(8), pages 1500-1509, August.
    2. Mehdi Razzaghi & Ralph Kodell, 2004. "Quantitative Risk Assessment for Developmental Neurotoxic Effects," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 24(6), pages 1673-1681, December.
    3. D. Krewski & Y. Zhu, 1995. "A Simple Data Transformation for Estimating Benchmark Doses in Developmental Toxicity Experiments," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(1), pages 29-39, February.
    4. D. Krewski & Y. Zhu, 1994. "Applications of Multinomial Dose‐Response Models in Developmental Toxicity Risk Assessment," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 14(4), pages 613-627, August.

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