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Gender in integrated water management: an analysis of variation

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  • Barbara van Koppen

Abstract

Gender is an important variable in water use, policy, and intervention. This article explores this variation and its policy implications. Concepts are applied in several case studies to draw generic conclusions. Variation is related to the purpose of water use (consumptive or productive) and to the local, culture‐specific patterns of the intra‐household organization of consumption for family welfare (which includes domestic water provision) and income‐generation (for which water is an input, especially in rural areas). For domestic water use, the intra‐household sharing of unpaid domestic responsibilities is a key gender issue. Water for productive use, on the other hand, is embedded in the gendered organization of household economic activity, as elaborated for smallholder‐irrigated agriculture. In female‐managed and dual farming systems, where a high proportion of farm decision‐makers are women, irrigation agencies need to better target their support. In male‐managed farming systems, however, the majority of women lack their own farm enterprise in which water is an input. Women's access to land, markets and credits besides access to water, is at stake. To conclude, given the strong variation in water use along gender lines, gender analysis is indispensable for any concrete water policy and intervention.

Suggested Citation

  • Barbara van Koppen, 2001. "Gender in integrated water management: an analysis of variation," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 25(4), pages 299-312, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:natres:v:25:y:2001:i:4:p:299-312
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1477-8947.2001.tb00771.x
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    4. van Koppen, B. & Nagar, R. K. & Vasavada, S., 2001. "Gender and irrigation in India: The Women's Irrigation Group of Jambar, South Gujarat," IWMI Working Papers H027768, International Water Management Institute.
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