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Changing investment styles: style creep and style gaming in the hedge fund industry

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  • Ramin Baghai‐Wadji
  • Rami El‐Berry
  • Stefan Klocker
  • Markus Schwaiger

Abstract

Notwithstanding their common features, hedge funds remain an extremely diverse asset class. Information on fund styles is important for numerous purposes, such as portfolio construction, performance attribution and risk management. With fund self‐declaration being prone to (strategic) misclassification, return‐based taxonomies grouping funds along similarities in realized returns provide a useful alternative. We provide a consistent classification system of homogeneous groups of hedge funds based on self‐organizing maps. Whereas some fund categories such as managed futures are largely consistent in their self‐declared strategies, others, especially so‐called ‘equity hedge’ funds, display no or very limited return similarities. Furthermore, we also find evidence of fund managers performing undisclosed changes of their trading style over time. Those funds that misclassified themselves once are particularly likely to change their trading style again. Although style self‐declaration can, therefore, be quite misleading, our results indicate that hedge funds do not misdeclare their style strategically to improve their relative performance. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • Ramin Baghai‐Wadji & Rami El‐Berry & Stefan Klocker & Markus Schwaiger, 2006. "Changing investment styles: style creep and style gaming in the hedge fund industry," Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 14(4), pages 157-177, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:isacfm:v:14:y:2006:i:4:p:157-177
    DOI: 10.1002/isaf.275
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    References listed on IDEAS

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