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Health Advocacy and Health Communication for Elderly Health Care Consumers: Rationale, Demand, and Policy Implications

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  • Gary L. Kreps

Abstract

Health advocacy is an important set of communication activities to promote the best health outcomes for individuals confronting health threats, especially for elderly health care consumers, who utilize high levels of health care services for both chronic and acute health problems. However, many elderly health care consumers do not receive adequate advocacy support and have difficulty shaping health care policies and practices due to problems with ageism and power imbalances within health care systems, which accord far more authority to health care providers and administrators than to consumers in the delivery of care. This limits elders' participation and influence in health care, despite research showing that active consumer involvement usually improves health outcomes. Strategic health advocacy can rebalance power within health care, developing and refining health policies and practices. The best advocacy actively represents the voices, concerns, and needs of consumers within health care systems to help make programs responsive to consumer needs. Health advocates must effectively communicate patients' perspectives and needs to key audiences using strategic message strategies and channels to influence health policies and practices. Yet effective advocacy does not happen naturally and needs to be nurtured by relevant programs and policies to represent consumer needs for enhancing health outcomes for elderly health care consumers. La promoción de la salud es un conjunto importante de actividades de comunicación para promover los mejores resultados de salud para las personas que enfrentan amenazas para la salud, especialmente para los consumidores de atención médica de edad avanzada, que utilizan altos niveles de servicios de atención médica para problemas de salud tanto crónicos como agudos. Sin embargo, muchos consumidores de atención médica de edad avanzada no reciben el apoyo de defensa adecuado y tienen dificultades para dar forma a las políticas y prácticas de atención médica debido a problemas de discriminación por edad y desequilibrios de poder dentro de los sistemas de atención médica, que otorgan mucha más autoridad a los proveedores y administradores de atención médica que a los consumidores en la prestación de cuidados. Esto limita la participación e influencia de los ancianos en la atención médica, a pesar de que las investigaciones muestran que la participación activa de los consumidores generalmente mejora los resultados de salud. La promoción de la salud estratégica puede reequilibrar el poder dentro de la atención de la salud, desarrollando y perfeccionando las políticas y prácticas de salud. La mejor promoción representa activamente las voces, preocupaciones y necesidades de los consumidores dentro de los sistemas de atención médica para ayudar a que los programas respondan a las necesidades de los consumidores. Los defensores de la salud deben comunicar eficazmente las perspectivas y necesidades de los pacientes a las audiencias clave utilizando estrategias y canales de mensajes estratégicos para influir en las políticas y prácticas de salud. Sin embargo, la promoción efectiva no ocurre de forma natural y debe nutrirse de programas y políticas relevantes para representar las necesidades de los consumidores para mejorar los resultados de salud de los consumidores de atención médica de edad avanzada. 卫生倡导是一系列重要的传播活动,用于为面对健康威胁的个体,尤其是老年医疗消费者(高度使用医疗服务治疗慢性和急性健康问题)推动最佳卫生结果。不过,许多老年医疗消费者没有获得足够的倡导支持,并且由于医疗系统内部的年龄歧视和权力不平衡而无法顺利影响医疗政策及实践,这种医疗系统在提供护理的过程中将更多权力交给医疗供应商和管理者,而不是消费者。此举限制了老年人在医疗中的参与和影响,尽管研究表明,积极的消费者参与通常能改善卫生结果。战略性卫生倡导能重新平衡医疗中的权力分配,发展并改进卫生政策及实践。最佳倡导能积极代表医疗系统中消费者的声音、顾虑和需求,以期帮助创造能照顾消费者需求的计划。卫生倡导者必须将病人的视角和需求有效传播给关键受众,使用战略性信息策略和渠道来影响卫生政策及实践。不过,有效的倡导不会自然发生,需要通过相关计划和政策加以培养,以期代表消费者需求,为老年医疗消费者改善卫生结果。

Suggested Citation

  • Gary L. Kreps, 2021. "Health Advocacy and Health Communication for Elderly Health Care Consumers: Rationale, Demand, and Policy Implications," Journal of Elder Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 1(2), pages 113-138, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:eldpol:v:1:y:2021:i:2:p:113-138
    DOI: 10.18278/jep.1.2.5
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    1. Michael Stellefson & Samantha R. Paige & Beth H. Chaney & J. Don Chaney, 2020. "Evolving Role of Social Media in Health Promotion: Updated Responsibilities for Health Education Specialists," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-7, February.
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