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Do Client Bankruptcies Preceded by Clean Audit Opinions Damage Auditor Reputation?

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  • Nathan R. Berglund

Abstract

There is a maintained assumption within the accounting literature that client bankruptcies preceded by clean audit opinions (Type II going concern opinion (GCO) errors) damage an auditor's reputation. Consistent with this view, the PCAOB proposes that stakeholders may use Type II GCO errors as indicators of low audit quality. This study examines audit committee and investor responses to Type II GCO errors. I find no evidence that audit offices with Type II GCOs are more likely to be dismissed, have lower subsequent audit fees, or have a lower likelihood of being selected for new audit engagements. These findings are consistent with audit committees not using Type II GCO errors as indicators of low auditor quality. Using event study analysis, I find evidence of modest incremental negative investor responses for clients of audit offices with Type II GCO errors. However, these negative investor responses are found only during the financial crisis period of 2008–2010 and are observed only within windows of 30 days or less. Given this limited evidence that stakeholders do respond to Type II GCO errors, I examine whether stakeholders should respond to Type II GCO errors. I find that audit office Type II GCO errors are positively associated with subsequent restatements, an established measure of low audit quality. Taking the results as a whole, I do not find that audit offices incur substantial reputational costs for Type II GCO errors. However, the negative investor response and the positive association with restatements provide some evidence that Type II GCO errors may serve as indicators of low audit quality. La faillite d'un client après l'obtention d'une opinion favorable sans réserve porte‐t‐elle atteinte à la réputation de l'auditeur? On trouve dans la littérature sur la comptabilité une hypothèse selon laquelle la faillite d'un client après l'obtention d'une opinion favorable sans réserve d'un auditeur (erreur d'opinion quant à la continuité de l'exploitation (OCE) de type II) porte atteinte à la réputation de l'auditeur. Dans cette optique, le PCAOB propose que les parties prenantes utilisent les erreurs d'OCE de type II en guise d'indicateurs de la faible qualité d'un audit. La présente étude examine les réactions des comités d'audit et des investisseurs à la suite d'erreurs d'OCE de type II. On n'a trouvé aucune preuve indiquant que les cabinets d'audit ayant commis des erreurs d'OCE de type II sont plus susceptibles d’être remerciés, diminuent leurs honoraires pour les audits ultérieurs ou sont moins susceptibles d'obtenir de nouveaux mandats d'audit. Ces résultats sont cohérents avec le fait que les comités d'audit ne se servent pas des erreurs d'OCE de type II comme indicateurs de la faible qualité d'un audit. À l'aide d'une analyse événementielle, on a pu relever des données indiquant une légère augmentation des réponses négatives des investisseurs pour des clients de cabinets d'audit ayant commis des erreurs d'OCE de type II. Toutefois, ces réponses négatives sont circonscrites à la période de la crise financière de 2008 à 2010 et ont toutes été formulées dans une fenêtre d'au plus 30 jours. En regard du faible nombre de cas où les parties prenantes réagissent aux erreurs d'OCE de type II, on a voulu savoir si elles devraient le faire. On a découvert qu'il y a une association positive entre les erreurs d'OCE de type II commises par des cabinets d'audit et la reformulation ultérieure de l'opinion, ce qui constitue une mesure établie de la faible qualité d'un audit. En tenant compte de l'ensemble des résultats, il ne semble pas que les cabinets d'audit aient à faire face à des coûts importants sur le plan de la réputation à la suite d'erreurs d'OCE de type II. Toutefois, les réactions négatives des investisseurs et l'association positive entre les erreurs de type II et la reformulation de l'opinion donnent à penser que les erreurs de ce type peuvent servir d'indicateurs de la faible qualité d'un audit.

Suggested Citation

  • Nathan R. Berglund, 2020. "Do Client Bankruptcies Preceded by Clean Audit Opinions Damage Auditor Reputation?," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 37(3), pages 1914-1951, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:37:y:2020:i:3:p:1914-1951
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3846.12575
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