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Does Tax Planning Affect Analysts' Forecast Accuracy?†

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  • Jere R. Francis
  • Stevanie S. Neuman
  • Nathan J. Newton

Abstract

We investigate whether firms' tax planning affects the accuracy of analysts' forecasts. Tax planning can exacerbate the complexity of firms' operations through strategic choices to exploit tax laws. Because of its effect on firms' operations, tax planning can influence analysts' efforts to understand and forecast earnings. Specifically, if the additional complexity arising from tax planning makes firm attributes less representative of expected earnings, analysts may issue less accurate forecasts. Using auditor‐provided tax services (APTS) as a measure of tax planning, we find that, as firms spend more on tax planning, the accuracy of analysts' forecasts of both earnings per share and tax expense declines. We also document that firms with higher levels of APTS have greater year‐to‐year volatility in, and lower persistence of, effective tax rates and earnings. Our results suggest that increased firm complexity, due to greater tax planning, makes earnings and tax expense more difficult to forecast and that analysts do not properly adjust for these effects. Thus, when deciding to engage in tax planning, firms appear to make trade‐offs between potential tax savings and negative effects on earnings properties and analysts' forecasts. La planification fiscale influe‐t‐elle sur l'exactitude des prévisions des analystes? Les auteurs se demandent si la planification fiscale à laquelle procèdent les entreprises influe sur l'exactitude des prévisions des analystes. La planification fiscale peut complexifier les activités des entreprises en raison des choix stratégiques qu'elle les appelle à faire pour tirer avantage des lois fiscales. Cette incidence de la planification fiscale sur les activités de l'entreprise peut influer sur les efforts des analystes pour comprendre et prévoir les résultats. Plus précisément, si cette complexification qu'entraîne la planification fiscale fait en sorte que les attributs de l'entreprise sont moins représentatifs des résultats attendus, les analystes risquent de formuler des prévisions moins exactes. Utilisant les services fiscaux fournis par l'auditeur (SFFA) comme mesure de la planification fiscale, les auteurs constatent que plus les entreprises consacrent de ressources à la planification fiscale, plus décline l'exactitude des prévisions des analystes quant au résultat par action et à la charge fiscale. Les données recueillies corroborent également le fait que les entreprises dont les niveaux de SFFA sont plus élevés ont des taux d'imposition effectifs qui présentent une plus grande volatilité et une moins grande persistance, d'année en année. Les résultats de l’étude semblent indiquer qu'une complexité accrue des activités de l'entreprise, attribuable à une planification fiscale plus intense, complique aussi la prévision des résultats et de la charge fiscale, et que les analystes n'ajustent pas leurs prévisions en conséquence de manière appropriée. Par conséquent, les entreprises, lorsqu'elles décident de s'engager dans la planification fiscale, semblent adopter un compromis entre économies fiscales potentielles et conséquences négatives pour les propriétés des résultats et les prévisions des analystes.

Suggested Citation

  • Jere R. Francis & Stevanie S. Neuman & Nathan J. Newton, 2019. "Does Tax Planning Affect Analysts' Forecast Accuracy?†," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 36(4), pages 2663-2694, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:36:y:2019:i:4:p:2663-2694
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3846.12515
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mills, Lillian F., 1996. "Corporate Tax Compliance and Financial Reporting," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association;National Tax Journal, vol. 49(3), pages 421-433, September.
    2. Mills, Lillian F., 1996. "Corporate Tax Compliance and Financial Reporting," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association, vol. 49(3), pages 421-33, September.
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    8. Giese, Henning & Koch, Reinald & Sureth, Caren, 2024. "Where to locate tax employees? The role of tax complexity and tax risk implications," arqus Discussion Papers in Quantitative Tax Research 285, arqus - Arbeitskreis Quantitative Steuerlehre.
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    13. Müller, Raphael & Spengel, Christoph & Vay, Heiko, 2020. "On the determinants and effects of corporate tax transparency: Review of an emerging literature," ZEW Discussion Papers 20-063, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    14. Akmalia M. Ariff & Khairul Anuar Kamarudin, 2019. "Institutional Quality, Tax Avoidance, and Analysts' Forecast: International Evidence," Capital Markets Review, Malaysian Finance Association, vol. 27(2), pages 15-35.
    15. Song, Qian & Holland, Kevin, 2023. "The quality of tax accounting for financial reporting purposes: International evidence from the United Kingdom," Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    16. Blankespoor, Elizabeth & deHaan, Ed & Marinovic, Iván, 2020. "Disclosure processing costs, investors’ information choice, and equity market outcomes: A review," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(2).
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