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Trade‐offs between Tax and Financial Reporting Benefits: Evidence from Purchase Price Allocations in Taxable Acquisitions

Author

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  • Daniel Lynch
  • Miles Romney
  • Bridget Stomberg
  • Daniel Wangerin
  • John R. Robinson

Abstract

Under U.S. GAAP, firms recognize assets acquired in business combinations at fair value. Similarly, in taxable asset acquisitions firms adjust the tax basis of assets to fair value. Managers can increase the present value of future tax savings by allocating a greater portion of the purchase price to shorter‐lived assets than to goodwill or indefinite‐lived intangibles. However, this tax planning strategy imposes a financial reporting cost because it reduces book income following the acquisition; all else equal, allocations to shorter‐lived depreciable assets increase book depreciation expense, whereas allocations to goodwill and indefinite‐lived intangibles do not increase book amortization expense. We exploit the features of taxable asset acquisitions to investigate trade‐offs between tax and financial reporting incentives. We predict and find greater allocations to depreciable versus intangible assets when managers have strong tax incentives and weak financial reporting incentives. However, we also find that strong financial reporting incentives moderate the effects of strong tax incentives. These findings contribute new evidence to the literature on the importance of nontax costs in tax planning decisions Arbitrage entre avantage fiscal et avantage lié à l'information financière : données relatives à la répartition du coût d'acquisition d'actifs imposables Sous le régime des PCGR des États‐Unis, les sociétés comptabilisent à la juste valeur les actifs acquis dans le cadre de regroupements d'entreprises. De la même façon, dans les acquisitions d'actifs imposables, les sociétés ramènent la valeur fiscale de ces actifs à leur juste valeur. Les gestionnaires peuvent hausser la valeur actualisée des économies d'impôts futures en attribuant une plus grande part du coût d'acquisition aux actifs à durée de vie plus courte qu'au goodwill ou aux actifs incorporels à durée de vie indéterminée. Cette stratégie de planification fiscale comporte toutefois un coût lié à l'information financière du fait qu'elle réduit le bénéfice comptable à la suite de l'acquisition; toute chose étant égale par ailleurs, les valeurs attribuées aux actifs amortissables d'une durée de vie plus courte augmentent la charge d'amortissement comptabilisée, ce qui n'est pas le cas des valeurs attribuées au goodwill et aux actifs incorporels dont la durée de vie est indéterminée. Les auteurs utilisent les caractéristiques des acquisitions d'actifs imposables pour étudier le compromis entre encouragements fiscaux et encouragements liés à l'information financière. Ils formulent et confirment l'hypothèse selon laquelle les gestionnaires attribuent davantage de valeur aux actifs amortissables qu'aux actifs incorporels lorsque les encouragements fiscaux sont forts et que les encouragements liés à l'information financière sont faibles. Les auteurs constatent toutefois aussi que de forts encouragements liés à l'information financière atténuent l'incidence des forts encouragements fiscaux. Les nouvelles données factuelles que livrent ces observations enrichissent la documentation relative à l'importance des coûts non fiscaux dans les décisions de planification fiscale.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Lynch & Miles Romney & Bridget Stomberg & Daniel Wangerin & John R. Robinson, 2019. "Trade‐offs between Tax and Financial Reporting Benefits: Evidence from Purchase Price Allocations in Taxable Acquisitions," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 36(3), pages 1223-1262, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:36:y:2019:i:3:p:1223-1262
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3846.12484
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    Cited by:

    1. Luca Menicacci, 2022. "Financial reporting and book-tax conformity: A review of the issues," FINANCIAL REPORTING, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2022(1), pages 41-77.
    2. M. D. Beneish & C. R. Harvey & A. Tseng & P. Vorst, 2022. "Unpatented innovation and merger synergies," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 27(2), pages 706-744, June.

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