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International students and labour market outcomes of US‐born workers

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  • Murat Demirci

Abstract

Do international students graduating from US colleges and universities affect labour market outcomes of similarly educated native‐born workers? I address this question by exploiting a change in US visa policy that results in increases in the labour supply of master’s‐level international students to the US labour market in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields. Estimates show that increases in their labour supply via temporary work permits in a certain field reduce employment of recently graduated native‐born holders of a master’s degree but increase earnings of experienced native‐born holders of a master’s degree in the same field. These findings support the hypothesis of substitution between skills of similarly educated immigrants and native‐born individuals in the same age group and complementarity between skills of those in different age groups. Étudiants internationaux et débouchés sur le marché du travail pour les citoyens nés aux États‐Unis. À diplôme égal, les étudiants internationaux sortant des universités et collèges américains ont‐ils un impact sur les débouchés des travailleurs nés dans le pays sur le marché de l’emploi? Je pose cette question en exploitant les changements en matière de politique de visas aux États‐Unis ayant eu pour conséquence une augmentation du nombre d’étudiants qui détient une maîtrise sur le marché du travail américain, notamment dans les secteurs des sciences, des technologies, de l’ingénierie et des mathématiques (STIM). Dans certains secteurs, les évaluations montrent que l’augmentation de la main d’oeuvre découlant de l’octroi de permis de travail temporaires a engendré une réduction du nombre d’emplois dévolus aux détenteurs d’une maîtrise fraîchement diplômés et nés dans le pays, tout en permettant aux plus compétents d’entre eux d’augmenter leurs revenus. Ces constatations soutiennent l’hypothèse d’une substitution entre les compétences des immigrants et celles des natifs à diplôme égal pour un même groupe d’âge, et d’une complémentarité différents groupes d’âge.

Suggested Citation

  • Murat Demirci, 2020. "International students and labour market outcomes of US‐born workers," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 53(4), pages 1495-1522, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:53:y:2020:i:4:p:1495-1522
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12478
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    Cited by:

    1. Anthony Edo & Lionel Ragot & Hillel Rapoport & Sulin Sardoschau & Andreas Steinmayr & Arthur Sweetman, 2020. "An introduction to the economics of immigration in OECD countries," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 53(4), pages 1365-1403, November.
    2. O'Donnell, Ian & Skuterud, Mikal, 2021. "The transformation of Canada's temporary foreign worker program," CLEF Working Paper Series 39, Canadian Labour Economics Forum (CLEF), University of Waterloo.
    3. Demirci, Murat, 2023. "Youth responses to political populism: Education abroad as a step toward emigration," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(2), pages 653-673.

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