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Is there a quality bias in the Canadian CPI? Evidence from microdata

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  • Oleksiy Kryvtsov

Abstract

Rising consumer prices may reflect shifts by consumers to new higher‐priced products, mostly for durable and semi‐durable goods. I apply Bils’ (2009) methodology to newly available Canadian consumer price data for non‐shelter goods and services to estimate how price increases can be divided between quality growth and price inflation. I find that less than one third of observed price increases during model changeovers should be attributed to quality growth. This implies overall price inflation close to inflation measured by the official index. I conclude that, according to Bils’ methodology, the quality bias is not an important source of potential mismeasurement of CPI inflation in Canada. Y‐a‐t‐il un biais attribuable à la qualité dans l’IPC canadien? Résultats dérivés de micro‐données. L’augmentation des prix à la consommation peut enregistrer des sauts des consommateurs vers des produits à plus forts prix, surtout pour les biens durables et semi‐durables. L’auteur utilise la méthodologie de Bils avec des données de prix à la consommation au Canada pour des services et des biens n’ayant rien à voir avec le logement, pour calibrer comment on peut décomposer les accroissements de prix entre accroissement de qualité et simple inflation des prix. On découvre que moins du tiers des accroissements de prix observés au cours des périodes de changements de modèles doit être attribué à la croissance de la qualité. Voilà qui implique que l’inflation globale des prix est proche de l’inflation mesurée par l’indice officiel. On conclut, que selon la méthodologie de Bils, le biais attribuable à la qualité n’est pas une source importante de potentiel de fausse mesure de l’inflation de l’IPC au Canada.

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  • Oleksiy Kryvtsov, 2016. "Is there a quality bias in the Canadian CPI? Evidence from microdata," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 49(4), pages 1401-1424, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:49:y:2016:i:4:p:1401-1424
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12238
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    1. Mark Bils, 2009. "Do Higher Prices for New Goods Reflect Quality Growth or Inflation?," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 124(2), pages 637-675.
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    Cited by:

    1. Alberto Cavallo & Oleksiy Kryvtsov, 2024. "Price Discounts and Cheapflation During the Post-Pandemic Inflation Surge," NBER Working Papers 32626, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Gorodnichenko, Yuriy & Talavera, Oleksandr & Vu, Nam, 2021. "Quality and price setting of high-tech goods," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 69-85.
    3. Ba M. Chu & Kim Huynh & David T. Jacho-Chávez & Oleksiy Kryvtsov, 2018. "On the Evolution of the United Kingdom Price Distributions," Staff Working Papers 18-25, Bank of Canada.
    4. Yuriy Gorodnichenko & Oleksandr Talavera & Nam Vu, 2020. "Quality of Goods and Price Setting for CPUs," Discussion Papers 20-23, Department of Economics, University of Birmingham.
    5. Carvalho, Carlos & Kryvtsov, Oleksiy, 2021. "Price selection," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 56-75.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation

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