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Sunk costs and the measurement of commercial property depreciation

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  • W. Erwin Diewert
  • Kevin J. Fox

Abstract

Developments in property markets greatly influence economic growth, monetary policy, productivity measurement, inflation measurement and hence welfare payments to the disadvantaged. Property price bubbles often lead to financial crises; those experienced during the 20th century were often triggered by commercial property price movements. Yet property poses significant challenges for national accountants in producing key economic variables used in informing policy assessment and formulation. To address these challenges, this paper formalizes a framework for measuring prices and quantities of capital inputs for a commercial property. In particular, it addresses problems associated with obtaining separate estimates for the land and structure components of a property, a decomposition of property value that is important for the national accounts, productivity measurement and taxation. A key contribution is to address the problem of estimating structure depreciation taking into account the fixity of the structure. We find that structure depreciation is determined primarily by the cash flows that the property generates rather than physical deterioration of the building. Finally, we provide a framework for the determination of the optimal length of life for a structure. Coûts irrécupérables et la mesure de la dépréciation des propriétés commerciales. Les développements dans les marchés immobiliers influencent grandement la croissance économique, la politique monétaire, la mesure de la productivité et de l’inflation, et donc les transferts sociaux aux désavantagés. Les bulles dans les prix de l’immobilier entraînent souvent des crises financières; et celles dont on a fait l’expérience au XXe siècle ont souvent été déclenchées par des mouvements de prix des propriétés commerciales. Or les propriétés posent des défis aux comptables nationaux dans leur production d’indicateurs économiques clés utilisés dans la formulation et l’évaluation de politiques. Pour aider à résoudre ces problèmes, ce mémoire présente un cadre formel pour mesurer les prix et les quantités d’intrant capital pour une propriété commerciale. En particulier, on traite des problèmes associés à la difficulté d’obtenir des évaluations séparées pour la composante terre et la composante structure d’une propriété – une décomposition importante de la valeur de la propriété pour les comptes nationaux, pour la mesure de la productivité et pour la fiscalité. On découvre que la structure de dépréciation est d’abord déterminée par les flux de liquidité que la propriété génère plutôt que par la détérioration physique du bâtiment. Enfin, on fournit un cadre d’analyse pour déterminer la longueur de vie optimale d’une structure.

Suggested Citation

  • W. Erwin Diewert & Kevin J. Fox, 2016. "Sunk costs and the measurement of commercial property depreciation," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 49(4), pages 1340-1366, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:49:y:2016:i:4:p:1340-1366
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12236
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    Cited by:

    1. W. Erwin Diewert & Kiyohiko G. Nishimura & Chihiro Shimizu & Tsutomu Watanabe, 2020. "Measuring the Services of Durables and Owner Occupied Housing," Advances in Japanese Business and Economics, in: Property Price Index, chapter 0, pages 223-298, Springer.
    2. Amani, Elnasri & Fox, Kevin J., 2015. "R&D, Innovation and Productivity: The Role of Public Support," KDI Journal of Economic Policy, Korea Development Institute (KDI), vol. 37(1), pages 73-96.
    3. Paul Schreyer & María Belén Zinni, 2021. "Productivity Measurement, R&D Assets, and Mark‐Ups in OECD Countries," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 67(4), pages 787-809, December.
    4. Erwin Diewert & Chihiro Shimizu, 2017. "Alternative Approaches to Commercial Property Price Indexes for Tokyo," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 63(3), pages 492-519, September.
    5. W. Erwin Diewert, 2022. "Duality in Production," Springer Books, in: Subhash C. Ray & Robert G. Chambers & Subal C. Kumbhakar (ed.), Handbook of Production Economics, chapter 3, pages 57-168, Springer.
    6. Diewert, W. Erwin, 2017. "Productivity Measurement in the Public Sector: Theory and Practice," Microeconomics.ca working papers erwin_diewert-2017-1, Vancouver School of Economics, revised 02 Feb 2017.
    7. W. Erwin Diewert & Kevin J. Fox & Chihiro Shimizu, 2016. "Commercial Property Price Indexes And The System Of National Accounts," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(5), pages 913-943, December.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • C2 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables
    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • C43 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Index Numbers and Aggregation
    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • R21 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Housing Demand

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