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A Case Study of a Variance Analysis Framework for Managing Distribution Costs

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  • Kevin Gaffney
  • Valeri Gladkikh
  • R. Alan Webb

Abstract

Managing the distribution function as part of an overall supply‐chain management strategy has become increasingly important given rising fuel costs in recent years. This paper presents a comprehensive variance analysis framework developed by supply‐chain managers at Catalyst Paper Corporation as a tool for reporting and controlling distribution costs. The model decomposes the overall static‐budget variance into four primary variance categories: volume, customer mix, distribution mix, and carrier charges. The framework addresses key limitations in the coverage of variance analysis contained in many management accounting textbooks. Specifically, Catalyst's framework incorporates: (a) mix variance calculations where there is more than one mix factor within a single cost element; (b) the impact of unplanned and unrealized activities; and (c) multiple nested mix variance calculations. Although developed in the context of distribution costs, the framework can be applied to the analysis of other manufacturing and non‐manufacturing costs where multiple mix factors exist. L'importance de la gestion de la fonction de distribution dans le cadre de la stratégie globale de gestion de la chaîne d'approvisionnement s'est accrue avec la hausse des coûts du carburant des dernières années. Les auteurs présentent un cadre complet d'analyse des écarts, élaboré par les gestionnaires de la chaîne d'approvisionnement chez Catalyst Paper Corporation aux fins de la présentation et du contrôle des coûts de distribution. Le modèle décompose l'écart global du budget fixe en quatre grandes catégories d'écarts: les écarts sur volume, les écarts sur composition de la clientèle, les écarts sur composition de la distribution et les écarts sur frais de transport. Le cadre résout les principales limites de la couverture de l'analyse des écarts évoquées dans de nombreux manuels de comptabilité de management. Le cadre d'analyse de Catalyst Paper Corporation englobe: a) les calculs de l'écart sur composition lorsqu'il existe plus d'un facteur de composition dans un même élément de coût; b) l'incidence des activités non planifiées et non réalisées; et c) les calculs de l'écart sur composition à multiples critères de classification. Bien qu'il ait été élaboré dans le contexte des coûts de distribution, ce cadre peut être appliqué à l'analyse d'autres coûts liés ou non à la fabrication, lorsque les facteurs de composition sont multiples.

Suggested Citation

  • Kevin Gaffney & Valeri Gladkikh & R. Alan Webb, 2007. "A Case Study of a Variance Analysis Framework for Managing Distribution Costs," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 6(2), pages 167-190, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:accper:v:6:y:2007:i:2:p:167-190
    DOI: 10.1506/8172-1165-6601-3L37
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    Cited by:

    1. Dana Dluhosova & Karolina Lisztwanova & Antonín Poncik & Iveta Ratmanová & Zdenek Zmeskal, 2022. "Dynamic and Static Decomposition Analysis of the Czech Automotive Production Sector," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(3), pages 84-95.

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