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Financial Reporting Choices and Labor Contract Negotiations: A Case Study in the University Sector

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  • Cameron Morrill
  • Janet Morrill
  • Gary Spraakman

Abstract

A sizeable literature has developed that considers the interest of labor unions in employer financial statements and the effect that interest has on employer accounting decisions. Empirical results have been mixed, but there is at least some evidence that employers facing union pressure engage in earnings management and strategic disclosure decisions that help to win concessions from labor unions. We use a model of labor negotiations (Walton et al., 2000) to focus on a single employer–union relationship, the University of Manitoba (UM) and its academic faculty union, the University of Manitoba Faculty Association (UMFA). UMFA performed and published an analysis of the UM's financial statements in preparation for its 2010 round of collective bargaining, allowing us to identify accounting variables key to that analysis. We show that UM deducted internal restrictions and capital transfers from operating income to give the impression that its ability to pay was compromised. In assessing 16 subsequent disclosure events by UM, its disclosure strategy appears to reflect primarily, but not uniformly, a forcing bargaining posture. Our analysis indicates that UM enjoyed considerable latitude in its financial reporting, which it used to its advantage in negotiations and to hinder budgetary oversight. Choix en matière d'information financière et négociation de contrats de travail : une étude de cas dans le secteur universitaire Les écrits traitant de l'intérêt des syndicats de salariés pour les états financiers des employeurs et de l'incidence qu'a cet intérêt sur les décisions comptables de ces derniers se sont multipliés. Les résultats empiriques de ces études ne sont pas concluants, mais ils ont à tout le moins permis de constater que les employeurs soumis aux pressions exercées par les syndicats s'emploient à gérer les résultats et prennent, quant à la communication d'informations, des décisions stratégiques qui facilitent l'obtention de concessions syndicales. Les auteurs utilisent un modèle de négociations collectives (Walton et al., 2000) afin d’étudier une relation patronale‐syndicale particulière, celle de l'Université du Manitoba (UM) et de son syndicat des professeurs, l'University of Manitoba Faculty Association (UMFA). L'UMFA a effectué et publié une analyse des états financiers de l'Université du Manitoba en vue de la ronde de négociation de 2010, ce qui a permis aux auteurs de définir les principales variables comptables prises en compte dans cette analyse. Les auteurs montrent que l'UM a déduit du revenu d'exploitation les affectations internes et les transferts de capitaux afin de donner l'impression que sa capacité de payer était compromise. L’évaluation de 16 occurrences subséquentes de communication d'informations par l'UM révèle que la stratégie de cette dernière à cet égard semble refléter principalement, mais pas de façon uniforme, une position de négociation distributive. L'analyse des auteurs indique que l'UM bénéficiait d'une latitude considérable dans la communication d'informations financières, latitude qu'elle a exploitée à son avantage dans les négociations et dont elle s'est servie pour empêcher la surveillance budgétaire.

Suggested Citation

  • Cameron Morrill & Janet Morrill & Gary Spraakman, 2018. "Financial Reporting Choices and Labor Contract Negotiations: A Case Study in the University Sector," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(4), pages 589-621, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:accper:v:17:y:2018:i:4:p:589-621
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3838.12187
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Viktoriia Gryn, 2021. "Strategic Correction of Enterprise Reporting Policy," Oblik i finansi, Institute of Accounting and Finance, issue 1, pages 5-11, March.

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