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The Impact of Disclosures of Internal Control Weaknesses and Remediations on Investors' Perceptions of Earnings Quality

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  • Luo He
  • Daniel B. Thornton

Abstract

We hypothesize and find that firms making SOX‐mandated disclosures of material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting (ICOFR) exhibit lower investor‐perceived earnings quality (IPEQ) than nondisclosers. We measure IPEQ using e‐loading, a market‐returns–based representation of earnings quality developed by Ecker, Francis, Kim, Olsson, and Schipper (2006). Firms do not exhibit decreases in IPEQ after initially disclosing material weaknesses. This is consistent with investors having anticipated ICOFR strength based on observable firm characteristics. However, firms exhibit increases in IPEQ after receiving their first clean audit reports that confirm the remediation of previously disclosed weaknesses. This indicates that, although investors do not find initial weakness disclosures to be incrementally informative, SOX motivates firms to remediate weak controls and provides a venue for credible remediation disclosures, thus enhancing investors' perception of financial reporting reliability. These findings are consistent with the existence of regulatory benefits associated with SOX's internal control disclosure and audit requirements. Résumé Les auteurs formulent et vérifient l'hypothèse selon laquelle les entreprises qui, conformément aux exigences de la SOX, communiquent les faiblesses importantes du contrôle interne exercé sur l'information financière (ICOFR) affichent une qualité des résultats perçue par les investisseurs (IPEQ) plus faible que les entreprises qui ne communiquent pas ces faiblesses. Ils mesurent la qualité des résultats perçue par les investisseurs à l'aide d'un facteur (e‐loading), basé sur les rendements du marché, représentatif de la qualité des résultats, élaboré par Ecker, Francis, Kim, Olsson et Schipper (2006). Après avoir communiqué au départ les faiblesses importantes du contrôle interne, les entreprises n'enregistrent pas de déclin dans la qualité des résultats perçue par les investisseurs. Cette observation est conforme à l'hypothèse selon laquelle les investisseurs anticipent la rigueur du contrôle interne exercé sur l'information financière à partir des caractéristiques observables de l'entreprise. Toutefois, les entreprises enregistrent des hausses de la qualité des résultats perçue par les investisseurs après avoir reçu leur premier rapport d'audit favorable confirmant que l'organisation a remédié aux faiblesses précédemment communiquées. Il en ressort que, même si les investisseurs ne croient pas que la communication initiale des faiblesses du contrôle interne ait une valeur informative supplémentaire, la SOX incite les entreprises à remédier aux faiblesses du contrôle et sert d'instrument à la communication d'information crédible sur les mesures correctives qui ont été prises, ce qui améliore la fiabilité de l'information financière aux yeux des investisseurs. Ces constatations confirment l'existence d'avantages réglementaires associés aux exigences de la SOX en matière d'audit et de communication de l'information relative au contrôle interne.

Suggested Citation

  • Luo He & Daniel B. Thornton, 2013. "The Impact of Disclosures of Internal Control Weaknesses and Remediations on Investors' Perceptions of Earnings Quality," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 12(2), pages 101-140, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:accper:v:12:y:2013:i:2:p:101-140
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3838.12011
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    1. Li Dang & Qiaoling Fang, 2018. "Does Attestation of the effectiveness of Internal Control over Financial Reporting Discourage Earnings Management? Evidence from China," Accounting and Finance Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 7(4), pages 1-1, November.
    2. Bolton, Brian & Lian, Qin & Rupley, Kathleen & Zhao, Jing, 2016. "Industry contagion effects of internal control material weakness disclosures," Advances in accounting, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 27-40.

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