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Credibility Attributes and Investor Perceptions of Non‐GAAP Earnings Exclusions

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  • Gary M. Entwistle
  • Glenn D. Feltham
  • Chima Mbagwu

Abstract

Recent empirical evidence suggests that investors focus more on non‐GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) than on traditional GAAP earnings because non‐GAAP earnings are believed to proxy for a firm's ongoing profitability, a measure useful for valuation. Managers determine these non‐GAAP earnings by excluding certain items from their GAAP income. However, because these non‐GAAP earnings are both unaudited and may be disclosed by a firm to manage investors’ perceptions as opposed to inform, investors must infer the credibility of the disclosure through observable firm attributes. In this study we examine whether firms with stronger credibility attributes (corporate governance, higher‐quality auditors, and higher historical information quality) will be perceived as providing more credible non‐GAAP exclusions than those with weaker attributes. Our expectation is that the market reaction to non‐GAAP earnings exclusions of firms with stronger credibility attributes will be greater than for those with weaker attributes. Our results support our expectation. Attributs de crédibilité et perception par les investisseurs des éléments exclus dans le calcul des résultats non conformes aux PCGR Résumé Les données empiriques récentes semblent indiquer que les investisseurs s'intéressent davantage aux résultats non conformes aux PCGR (principes comptables généralement reconnus) qu'aux résultats traditionnels conformes aux PCGR, estimant que les résultats non conformes aux PCGR sont une mesure substitutive de la rentabilité à long terme d'une entreprise, un indicateur utile à l’évaluation. Les gestionnaires établissent les résultats non conformes aux PCGR en excluant certains des éléments pris en compte dans le calcul des résultats conformes aux PCGR. Toutefois, ces résultats non conformes aux PCGR n’étant pas audités et pouvant être présentés par l'entreprise dans l'intention de conditionner la perception des investisseurs plutôt que de les informer, lesdits investisseurs doivent formuler une hypothèse quant à la crédibilité de l'information publiée, en s'appuyant sur les attributs observables de l'entreprise. Dans la présente étude, les auteurs se demandent si les éléments exclus dans le calcul des résultats non conformes aux PCGR seront perçus comme étant plus crédibles dans le cas des entreprises ayant des attributs de crédibilité plus convaincants (gouvernance d'entreprise, auditeurs de calibre supérieur et qualité supérieure de l'information historique) que dans celui des entreprises dont les attributs de crédibilité sont moins convaincants. Les auteurs s'attendent à ce que la réaction du marché aux éléments exclus dans le calcul des résultats non conformes aux PCGR des entreprises dont les attributs de crédibilité sont plus convaincants soit plus marquée que la réaction du marché aux mêmes éléments dans le cas des entreprises chez qui ces attributs sont moins convaincants. Les résultats obtenus par les auteurs confirment cette hypothèse.

Suggested Citation

  • Gary M. Entwistle & Glenn D. Feltham & Chima Mbagwu, 2012. "Credibility Attributes and Investor Perceptions of Non‐GAAP Earnings Exclusions," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 11(4), pages 229-257, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:accper:v:11:y:2012:i:4:p:229-257
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3838.12000
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