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Der EU-Emissionshandel – Allokationsmuster und Handelsflüsse

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  • Claudia Kettner-Marx

Abstract

Seit 2005 ist das EU-Emissionshandelssystem das zentrale Instrument der Klimapolitik der EU. Es umfasst Anlagen aus der Industrie und dem Energiesektor, auf die rund 40% der gesamten Treibhausgasemissionen der EU-Länder entfallen, und ist derzeit das weltweit größte Cap-and-Trade-System für Treibhausgase. Die umfassende Analyse des EU-Emissionshandels im Zeitraum 2005/2011 basiert auf einer Datenbank mit mehr als 10.000 Anlagen in 25 EU-Ländern. Mit dem Emissionshandelssystem wurde demnach bislang nur im Jahr 2008 eine verbindliche Emissionsobergrenze errichtet. In den anderen Handelsjahren bestanden zum Teil beträchtliche Zertifikatsüberschüsse, die in der Pilotphase (2005/2007) auf ein wenig ambitioniertes Emissionscap und in der Kyoto-Phase (2008/2012) auf den Emissionsrückgang im Zuge der Wirtschaftskrise und der darauf folgenden schwachen Wirtschaftsentwicklung zurückzuführen waren. Nur ein kleiner Teil der EU-weit abgegebenen Zertifikate wurde in der ersten Handelsperiode grenzüberschreitend gehandelt. Die Bedeutung der Zertifikate aus den flexiblen Mechanismen des Kyoto-Protokolls (Certified Emission Reductions, Emission Reduction Units) ist ebenfalls noch immer sehr gering.

Suggested Citation

  • Claudia Kettner-Marx, 2012. "Der EU-Emissionshandel – Allokationsmuster und Handelsflüsse," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 85(9), pages 737-750, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:wfo:monber:y:2012:i:9:p:737-750
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alexandre Kossoy & Philippe Ambrosi, "undated". "State and Trends of the Carbon Market 2010," World Bank Publications - Reports 13401, The World Bank Group.
    2. Claudia Kettner-Marx & Angela Köppl & Stefan Schleicher, 2010. "The EU Emission Trading Scheme. Insights from the First Trading Years with a Focus on Price Volatility," WIFO Working Papers 368, WIFO.
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    4. Claudia Kettner & Angela Köppl & Stefan P. Schleicher & Gregor Thenius, 2008. "Stringency and distribution in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme: first evidence," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(1), pages 41-61, January.
    5. Ellerman,A. Denny & Buchner,Barbara K. & Carraro,Carlo (ed.), 2007. "Allocation in the European Emissions Trading Scheme," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521875684, January.
    6. A. Denny Ellerman and Raphael Trotignon, 2009. "Cross Border Trading and Borrowing in the EU ETS," The Energy Journal, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Special I).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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