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Characteristics of Respondents to Web-Based or Traditional Interviews in Mixed-Mode Surveys. Evidence from the Italian Permanent Population Census

Author

Listed:
  • Grimaccia Elena

    (Istat, Italian National Institute for Statistics, via Cesare Balbo 16, 00184 Rome, Italy)

  • Naccarato Alessia

    (Department of Economics, Roma Tre University, via Silvio D’Amico 77, 00145 Rome, Italy.)

  • Gallo Gerardo

    (Istat, Italian National Institute for Statistics, via Cesare Balbo 16, 00184 Rome, Italy)

  • Cecconi Novella

    (Istat, Italian National Institute for Statistics, via Cesare Balbo 16, 00184 Rome, Italy)

  • Fratoni Alessandro

    (Istat, Italian National Institute for Statistics, via Cesare Balbo 16, 00184 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

In order to provide useful tools for researchers in the design of actions to promote participation in web surveys, it is key to study the characteristics that define the profile of a “web respondent”, so that specific interventions can be planned. In this contribution, which draws on data collected during the 2019 housing population census in Italy, we define the set of familial and geographical characteristics that correspond to a greater probability that the interviewed household will choose to respond online, by estimating a multilevel model. The profile of a “computer-assisted web interview household” (CAWI-H) is then defined, on the basis of the structural characteristics of this population. Moreover, the geographical distribution of households is studied according to their distance from the CAWI-H profile. The results show that households that are more distant from the CAWI-H profile have characteristics that correspond to segments of the population generally affected by economic and social fragility; they are mainly elderly, foreigners, residents in small towns, and people with a low level of education. It is to these households in particular that survey designers can address specific actions that can enhance their willingness to participate in web surveys.

Suggested Citation

  • Grimaccia Elena & Naccarato Alessia & Gallo Gerardo & Cecconi Novella & Fratoni Alessandro, 2023. "Characteristics of Respondents to Web-Based or Traditional Interviews in Mixed-Mode Surveys. Evidence from the Italian Permanent Population Census," Journal of Official Statistics, Sciendo, vol. 39(1), pages 1-26, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:vrs:offsta:v:39:y:2023:i:1:p:1-26:n:5
    DOI: 10.2478/jos-2023-0001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mohorko Anja & Leeuw Edith de & Hox Joop, 2013. "Internet Coverage and Coverage Bias in Europe: Developments Across Countries and Over Time," Journal of Official Statistics, Sciendo, vol. 29(4), pages 609-622, December.
    2. Bianchi Annamaria & Biffignandi Silvia & Lynn Peter, 2017. "Web-Face-to-Face Mixed-Mode Design in a Longitudinal Survey: Effects on Participation Rates, Sample Composition, and Costs," Journal of Official Statistics, Sciendo, vol. 33(2), pages 385-408, June.
    3. Olga Maslovskaya & Gabriele B. Durrant & Peter W.F. Smith & Tim Hanson & Ana Villar, 2019. "What are the Characteristics of Respondents using Different Devices in Mixed‐device Online Surveys? Evidence from Six UK Surveys," International Statistical Review, International Statistical Institute, vol. 87(2), pages 326-346, August.
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