Selected Aspects of Collaboration Among Polish Enterprises in Terms of Innovation Activity

This study examines the prevalence and dynamics of innovation-related collaboration among Polish industrial and service enterprises. Despite the well-documented benefits of collaboration in fostering innovation, empirical data indicate that such collaboration remains relatively uncommon and inconsistent across different Polish business sectors. Using a combination of critical literature analysis, statistical evaluation, and comparative methods, this study identifies key trends in enterprise innovation activity and assesses the role of managerial decision-making in shaping cooperative initiatives. The findings suggest that innovation-related collaboration is often incidental rather than strategically managed, with a significant gap between theoretical models of innovation management and their practical implementation. Large enterprises are more likely to engage in cooperative innovation, whereas small and medium-sized enterprises demonstrate lower participation rates. Furthermore, collaboration primarily occurs with domestic partners, with limited engagement in international networks. The study underscores the need for a more structured approach to innovation management, including enhanced knowledge integration, increased managerial awareness of cooperation benefits, and the development of policies that incentivize strategic partnerships. Addressing these challenges could improve Poland’s innovation ecosystem, aligning it more closely with international best practices.