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Import Competition and the Gender Employment Gap in China

Author

Listed:
  • Feicheng Wang
  • Krisztina Kis‐Katos
  • Minghai Zhou

Abstract

Combining data from China’s population and firm censuses between 1990 and 2005, this paper relates prefecture‐level employment by gender to the regionalized measure of exposure to tariff reductions. We find that increasing import competition kept more females in the workforce, reducing an otherwise growing gender employment gap in the long run. These dynamics were present both in local economies as a whole and among private firms in the formal industrial sector. The gendered employment effects of trade‐induced competitive pressures can be attributed to an expansion of female‐intensive industries, a reduction in gender discrimination, and technology upgrades through computerization.

Suggested Citation

  • Feicheng Wang & Krisztina Kis‐Katos & Minghai Zhou, 2024. "Import Competition and the Gender Employment Gap in China," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 59(6), pages 1830-1864.
    • Handle: RePEc:uwp:jhriss:v:59:y:2024:i:6:p:1830-1864
    Note: DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.1220-11399R3
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F66 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Labor

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