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The Cost of Healthcare among Malaysian Community-Dwelling Elderly

Author

Listed:
  • Koris, Roshanim

    (Pusat Pengajian Pembangunan Sosial dan Ekonomi Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu)

  • Mohamed Nor, Norashidah

    (Fakulti Ekonomi dan Pengurusan Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) 43400 Serdang, Selangor)

  • Haron, Sharifah Azizah

    (Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (MyAgeing) Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) 43400 Serdang, Selangor Department of Resource Management and Consumer Studies Faculty of Human Ecology Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) 43400 Serdang, Selangor)

  • Hamid, Tengku Aizan

    (Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (MyAgeing) Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) 43400 Serdang, Selangor)

  • Aljunid, Syed Mohamed

    (International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding (ITCC) Tingkat 5, Bangunan Jururawat Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM) Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur Department of Health and Policy Management Faculty of Public Health Kuwait University Hawailli, Kuwait)

  • Muhammad Nur, Amrizal

    (International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding (ITCC) Tingkat 5, Bangunan Jururawat Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM) Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur)

  • Ismail, Normaz Wana

    (Fakulti Ekonomi dan Pengurusan Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) 43400 Serdang, Selangor)

  • Shafie, Asrul Akmal

    (Pusat Pengajian Sains Farmasi Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang)

  • Yusuff, Suraya

    (Jabatan Psikiatri Hospital Sultan Ismail Jalan Mutiara Emas Utama Taman Mount Austin 81100 Johor Bahru, Johor)

  • Namaitijiang Maimaiti, Namaitijiang

    (Public Health Department Faculty of Medicine Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Ankara Turkey)

Abstract

The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive estimate of the direct and indirect costs of healthcare services used in a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling elderly in Malaysia as well as the determinants of such health care costs. The rise of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs henceforth) is stemming from changes in lifestyle and diet, as well as ageing. The prevalence of NCDs basically increases with age and cause an increases in demand for healthcare services which are associated with higher healthcare costs among the elderly. A survey using multi-stage random sampling techniques recruited 2274 elderly people (60 years and above) in Johor, Perak, Selangor and Kelantan. Overall, a year on average of about RM426.50 of costs was determined to be borne by the sampled elderly Malaysian’s in community-dwellings. The direct costs for outpatient care were RM141.24 and the costs for inpatient care were RM2,527. Meanwhile, the indirect costs for outpatient and inpatient care were RM31.44 and RM524.07 respectively. By using multi regression modelling, healthcare used in private facilities and chronic diseases such as cancer and kidney problem were the predictors that influenced the cost of healthcare among the elderly in the community-dwellings. The higher direct cost implies the higher of out-of-pocket health expenditure will borne by the elderly. The elderly who are unable to bear the healthcare cost should be financially support by the authorities to protect them trapped into the catastrophic health expenditure. Therefore, these findings highlighted the importance of further research aimed at decreasing the prevalence and severity of these NCDs among the elderly in the Malaysian community-dwellings.

Suggested Citation

  • Koris, Roshanim & Mohamed Nor, Norashidah & Haron, Sharifah Azizah & Hamid, Tengku Aizan & Aljunid, Syed Mohamed & Muhammad Nur, Amrizal & Ismail, Normaz Wana & Shafie, Asrul Akmal & Yusuff, Suraya & , 2019. "The Cost of Healthcare among Malaysian Community-Dwelling Elderly," Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, vol. 53(1), pages 89-103.
    • Handle: RePEc:ukm:jlekon:v:53:y:2019:i:1:p:89-103
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JEM-2019-5301-8
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