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Nature and economic growth in Turkey: what does ecological footprint imply?

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  • Sevil Acar
  • Ahmet Atıl Aşıcı

Abstract

This study investigates the income–environment relationship in Turkey by examining the components of the ecological footprint indicator within the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework. Using co-integration techniques for the 1961–2008 period, we find an inverted U-shaped, hence EKC-type, relationship only between production footprint and income. Consumption, import and export footprints are found to be monotonically increasing with income, which suggests that Turkey tends to export the negative consequences of its consumption by importing rather than producing domestically the environmentally harmful products. We also find that imported footprint is not enough to cover the biocapacity deficit in Turkey, which results in a continuous decline in domestic biocapacity.

Suggested Citation

  • Sevil Acar & Ahmet Atıl Aşıcı, 2017. "Nature and economic growth in Turkey: what does ecological footprint imply?," Middle East Development Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(1), pages 101-115, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:rmdjxx:v:9:y:2017:i:1:p:101-115
    DOI: 10.1080/17938120.2017.1288475
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    Cited by:

    1. Oğuz Öcal & Buket Altınöz & Alper Aslan, 2020. "The Effects of Economic Growth and Energy Consumption on Ecological Footprint And Carbon Emissions: Evidence From Turkey," Journal of Research in Economics, Politics & Finance, Ersan ERSOY, vol. 5(3), pages 667-681.
    2. Oğuz Öcal & Buket Altınöz & Alper Aslan, 2021. "The Effects of Economic Growth and Energy Consumption on Ecological Footprint And Carbon Emissions: Evidence From Turkey," Journal of Research in Economics, Politics & Finance, Ersan ERSOY, vol. 5(3), pages 667-681.
    3. Firat Emir & Selin Karlilar, 2023. "Application of RALS cointegration test assessing the role of natural resources and hydropower energy on ecological footprint in emerging economy," Energy & Environment, , vol. 34(4), pages 764-779, June.
    4. Yugang He, 2022. "Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption and Trade Policy: Do They Matter for Environmental Sustainability?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-17, May.
    5. Assad Ullah & Murat Tekbaş & Mesut Doğan, 2023. "The Impact of Economic Growth, Natural Resources, Urbanization and Biocapacity on the Ecological Footprint: The Case of Turkey," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-15, August.
    6. Eyup Dogan & Nigar Taspinar & Korhan K Gokmenoglu, 2019. "Determinants of ecological footprint in MINT countries," Energy & Environment, , vol. 30(6), pages 1065-1086, September.
    7. Tasnim Ahmed & Mohammad Mazibar Rahman & Mahbuba Aktar & Anupam Gupta & Mohammad Zoynul Abedin, 2023. "The impact of economic development on environmental sustainability: evidence from the Asian region," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(4), pages 3523-3553, April.
    8. Okelele, Daniel Ochudi & Lokina, Razack & Ruhinduka, Remidius Denis, 2021. "Effect of Trade Openness on Ecological Footprint in Sub-Saharan Africa," African Journal of Economic Review, African Journal of Economic Review, vol. 10(1), December.

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