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Foreign direct investment and liberalization policies in Pakistan: An empirical analysis

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  • Rana Ejaz Ali Khan
  • Qazi Muhammad Adnan Hye

Abstract

To enhance the inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) and ultimately to increase the economic growth, the countries have implemented a variety of financial and trade liberalization policies in the last three decades. Pakistan also initiated such type of policies. This study makes an analysis of the impact of liberalization (financial and trade) in Pakistan, on the inflow of FDI using the time series data of 1971-2009. The DF-GLS test is used to determine the level of integration, and autoregressive distributed lag model to examine the long-run relationship. The results indicate that liberalization indicators, like financial liberalization index and trade openness along with real interest rate, negatively affect the inflow of FDI in Pakistan. Tax revenue of product also negatively affects the FDI. On the other hand, the gross fixed capital formation, infrastructure, and inflation positively influence the FDI in Pakistan. The market size (proxied by real gross domestic product) has shown insignificant effect on FDI.

Suggested Citation

  • Rana Ejaz Ali Khan & Qazi Muhammad Adnan Hye, 2014. "Foreign direct investment and liberalization policies in Pakistan: An empirical analysis," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:oaefxx:doi:10.1080/23322039.2014.944667
    DOI: 10.1080/23322039.2014.944667
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    2. Malsha Mayoshi Rathnayaka Mudiyanselage & Gheorghe Epuran & Bianca Tescașiu, 2021. "Causal Links between Trade Openness and Foreign Direct Investment in Romania," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-18, February.
    3. M.S. Che Rusuli & R. Ruwaida & M. Noraani & J. Takala & M. Nizamuddin, 2019. "Influence of Marketing Mix Strategy in Insurance Business: The Case of Kota Bharu," Research in World Economy, Research in World Economy, Sciedu Press, vol. 10(2), pages 88-95, July.
    4. Ahsen Mukhtar & Muhammad Asif & Ghamz-e-Ali Siyal & Khalid Zaman, 2014. "Institutional-Macroeconomic Nexus: Inducement on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Pakistan," International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research (IJEER), The Economics and Social Development Organization (TESDO), vol. 2(11), pages 465-479, November.
    5. Bilal Mehmood & Wasif Siddiqui, 2013. "What Causes What? Panel Cointegration Approach on Investment in Telecommunication and Economic Growth: Case of Asian Countries," Romanian Economic Journal, Department of International Business and Economics from the Academy of Economic Studies Bucharest, vol. 16(47), pages 3-16, March.
    6. Jen-Yao Lee & Ya-Chuan Hsiao & Ngochien Bui & Tien-Thinh Nguyen, 2021. "Inward Foreign Direct Investment and Trade Openness in Vietnam: A Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag Approach," Economies, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-18, August.

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