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Why haven't economic reforms increased productivity growth in New Zealand?

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  • Debasis Bandyopadhyay

Abstract

Productivity, measured by output per hour, grew by less than one percent per annum in post reform New Zealand. During the same period productivity grew at a rate two times faster in relatively protected Australia and one and half time faster in the “free market” economy of the US. This spectacular failure of economic reforms in boosting productivity growth to the international standard calls for an explanation. Unfortunately, nobody has yet offered a theoretical model of economic growth to respond to that call. This paper is an attempt to start that process within the academic discipline established by Solow, Lucas and Prescott, the only three growth economists who are Nobel Laureates. It offers an endogenous growth model with endogenous rent seeking, which adversely affects the economy's total factor productivity (TFP). The model determines TFP as a function of economic policy and not as unexplainable residuals, unlike most previous studies. In particular, it provides explicit formulas for measuring TFP and rent-seeking activity in an economy. The paper argues that well intended economic reforms could nonetheless lead to an endogenous skill shortage that may ironically turn innovators into rent-seekers and in turn, retard productivity growth. Future research may apply this model or a modified version of it to determine if the above argument sheds some light in explaining the productivity puzzle of the post reform era in New Zealand.

Suggested Citation

  • Debasis Bandyopadhyay, 2004. "Why haven't economic reforms increased productivity growth in New Zealand?," New Zealand Economic Papers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(2), pages 219-240.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:nzecpp:v:38:y:2004:i:2:p:219-240
    DOI: 10.1080/00779950409544404
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Debasis Bandyopadhyay, 2001. "The industry premium: What we know and what the New Zealand data say," New Zealand Economic Papers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(1), pages 53-75.
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    5. Debasis Bandyopadhyay & Parantap Basu, 2001. "Redistributive Tax and Growth in a Model with Discrete Occupational Choice," Australian Economic Papers, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(2), pages 111-132, June.
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    7. Raphael Bergoeing & Patrick J. Kehoe & Timothy J. Kehoe & Raimundo Soto, 2002. "A Decade Lost and Found: Mexico and Chile in the 1980s," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 5(1), pages 166-205, January.
    8. Roland Benabou, 2002. "Tax and Education Policy in a Heterogeneous-Agent Economy: What Levels of Redistribution Maximize Growth and Efficiency?," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 70(2), pages 481-517, March.
    9. Acemoglu, Daron, 1995. "Reward structures and the allocation of talent," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 17-33, January.
    10. Grimes, Arthur, 1991. "The effects of inflation on growth: some international evidence," MPRA Paper 68526, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Raphael Bergoeing & Patrick J. Kehoe & Timothy J. Kehoe & Raimundo Soto, 2002. "A Decade Lost and Found: Mexico and Chile in the 1980s," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 5(1), pages 166-205, January.
    12. Alan Deardorff & Ralph Lattimore, 1999. "Trade and factor market effects of New Zealand's reforms - revisited," New Zealand Economic Papers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(2), pages 81-85.
    13. Raphael Bergoeing & Patrick J. Kehoe & Timothy J. Kehoe & Raimundo Soto, 2002. "Decades lost and found: Mexico and Chile since 1980," Quarterly Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, vol. 26(Win), pages 3-30.
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