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Linkage between international trade and economic growth in GCC countries: Empirical evidence from PMG estimation approach

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  • Jamel Jouini

Abstract

This paper explores the empirical evidence of the links between economic growth and openness to international trade by controlling for auxiliary variables in the model for the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries over the annual sample period 1980-2010. After testing for cointegration based on a recent bootstrap panel test, we employ the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimation technique of M.H. Pesaran, Y. Shin, and R. Smith (1999. "Pooled Mean Group Estimation of Dynamic Heterogeneous Panels". Journal of the American Statistical Association 94: 621-634) that is appropriate for drawing sharper conclusions in dynamic heterogeneous panels by considering long-run equilibrium relations. The results show evidence of cointegration relationship between the variables of interest, and reveal that economic growth responds positively to trade openness over both the short run and long run. The evidence is robust to using various trade openness measures and to alternative model specifications, suggesting thus the non-fragility of the linkage between economic growth and openness to international trade for the GCC region. Our findings are then promising and support the view that economic growth is directly and robustly linked to trade openness for the GCC countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Jamel Jouini, 2015. "Linkage between international trade and economic growth in GCC countries: Empirical evidence from PMG estimation approach," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(3), pages 341-372, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jitecd:v:24:y:2015:i:3:p:341-372
    DOI: 10.1080/09638199.2014.904394
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    Cited by:

    1. Tarek Tawfik Yousef Alkhateeb & Haider Mahmood, 2020. "The Oil Price and Trade Nexus in the Gulf Co-Operation Council Countries," Resources, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Faheem Ur Rehman & Abul Ala Noman & Yibing Ding, 2020. "Does infrastructure increase exports and reduce trade deficit? Evidence from selected South Asian countries using a new Global Infrastructure Index," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 9(1), pages 1-23, December.
    3. Joseph Osaro Denwi & Nenubari John Ikue & Joseph Jite Onodjaefe & Mtomabari Simeon, 2022. "Trade Liberalization Policy and Economic Growth in Africa: A Threshold Analysis," International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 11(7), pages 178-188, October.
    4. Şen, Hüseyin & Kaya, Ayşe, 2019. "Output-volatility reducing effect of automatic stabilizers: Evidence from nine EMU member states," EconStor Preprints 206687, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    5. Sumbal Fatima & Bateer Chen & Muhammad Ramzan & Qamar Abbas, 2020. "The Nexus Between Trade Openness and GDP Growth: Analyzing the Role of Human Capital Accumulation," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(4), pages 21582440209, November.
    6. Umer Jeelanie Banday & Ranjan Aneja, 2024. "Macroeconomic Stability, Openness, and Economic Growth Nexus: an Insight from BRICS Countries," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(2), pages 5965-5979, June.
    7. Şen, Hüseyin & Kaya, Ayşe, 2021. "Output-volatility reducing effects of automatic stabilizers: Policy implications for EMU member states," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 43(6), pages 1388-1414.
    8. My-Linh Thi Nguyen & Toan Ngoc Bui, 2021. "Trade Openness and Economic Growth: A Study on Asean-6," Economies, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-16, August.
    9. Ricardo Ferraz, 2022. "The Portuguese Military Expenditure from a Historical Perspective," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(3), pages 347-365, April.
    10. Md. Saifur Rahman & Farihana Shahari, 2021. "Does the financial cooperation agreement increase the interdependency among ASEAN+3 equity markets? A Markov switching approach," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 18(4), pages 869-899, October.
    11. Jamel Jouini, 2016. "Economic growth and savings in Saudi Arabia: empirical evidence from cointegration and causality analysis," Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(4), pages 478-495, October.
    12. Md. Nur Alam Siddik & Sajal Kabiraj & Md. Emran Hosen & Md. Firoze Miah, 2021. "Blockchain Technology and Facilitation of International Trade: An Empirical Analysis," FIIB Business Review, , vol. 10(3), pages 232-241, September.
    13. Hatem Altaee, 2018. "Trade Openness and Economic Growth in the GCC Countries: A Panel Data Analysis Approach," International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research (IJBESAR), Democritus University of Thrace (DUTH), Kavala Campus, Greece, vol. 11(3), pages 57-64, December.
    14. Gakuru, Elias & Yang, Shaohua & Namahoro, J.P. & Nie, Peng & Bunje, Madinatou Yeh & Aslam, Naveed, 2024. "Energy-focused green climate policies and trade nexus:Do heterogeneous effects on clean energy poverty matter?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    15. Agbahoungba, Lesfran Sam Wanilo & Thiam, Ibrahima, 2018. "Effets du Commerce Extérieur sur la Croissance Economique en Zone CEDEAO [Economic Growth effects of External Trade in ECOWAS]," MPRA Paper 89035, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2018.
    16. Imtiaz Arif Lubna Khan Syed Ali Raza, 2018. "External Resources and Economic Growth: An Empirical Analysis of South Asian Countries," Zagreb International Review of Economics and Business, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, vol. 21(2), pages 1-17, November.
    17. Alexander Bilson Darku & Richard Yeboah, 2018. "Economic openness and income growth in developing countries: a regional comparative analysis," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(8), pages 855-869, February.
    18. A. H. M. Mehbub Anwar & Mohammad Altelmesani & Abdulrahman Alwosheel, 2024. "Unveiling the causal nexus between Saudi’s seaborne trade and economy: evidence from an ARDL model," Journal of Shipping and Trade, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 1-21, December.
    19. Enisan, Akinlo Anthony & Olalekan, Okunlola Charles, 2022. "On the Interaction Between Export Promotion and Agricultural Growth in Poverty Reduction in Nigeria: Empirical Evidence for The Period 1980-2016," Journal of Economic Development, The Economic Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, vol. 47(1), pages 109-135, March.
    20. Mounir Belloumi & Atef Alshehry, 2020. "The Impact of International Trade on Sustainable Development in Saudi Arabia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-18, July.

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