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Environmental Injustice in France

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  • Lucie Laurian

Abstract

This paper presents the first national study on environmental inequalities in France. It applies the Anglo-American concept of environmental justice, focusing on the distribution of environmental burdens, to the French setting and tests the hypothesis that poor and immigrant communities are disproportionately exposed to environmental risks. The location of eight types of hazardous sites (industrial and nuclear sites, incinerators, waste management facilities) and the socio-economic characteristics of populations are associated at the commune, or town, level for all 36 600 French towns. The analysis, descriptive and multivariate, uses simple and spatial regression techniques. It shows that towns with high proportions of immigrants tend to host more hazardous sites, even controlling for population size, income, degree of industrialization of the town and region. The study establishes the presence of environmental inequities in France and raises new public policy questions. However, it does not investigate the mechanisms that may explain inequities, which could include procedural injustices, land market dynamics and historical patterns of industrial and urban development.

Suggested Citation

  • Lucie Laurian, 2008. "Environmental Injustice in France," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(1), pages 55-79.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jenpmg:v:51:y:2008:i:1:p:55-79
    DOI: 10.1080/09640560701712267
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Arora, Seema & Cason, Timothy, 1996. "Do Community Characteristics Determine Environmental Outcomes? Evidence from the Toxics Release Inventory," RFF Working Paper Series dp-97-12, Resources for the Future.
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    Cited by:

    1. Pierre Levasseur & Katrin Erdlenbruch & Christelle Gramaglia, 2019. "Why do people continue to live near polluted sites? Empirical evidence from Southwestern Europe," CEE-M Working Papers hal-02277633, CEE-M, Universtiy of Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro.
    2. Emmanuelle Lavaine, 2010. "Atmospheric Pollution, Environmental Justice and Mortality Rate: a Spatial Approach," Post-Print halshs-00524132, HAL.
    3. Ian R. Cook & Erik Swyngedouw, 2012. "Cities, Social Cohesion and the Environment: Towards a Future Research Agenda," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 49(9), pages 1959-1979, July.
    4. Narong Kiettikunwong, 2019. "The Green Bench: Can an environmental court protect natural resources in Thailand?," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 385-404, February.
    5. Jokela-Pansini, Maaret & Ippolito, Raffaele & Greenhough, Beth & Lora-Wainwright, Anna, 2024. "Creating safety amidst chronic contamination: A mixed-method analysis of residents’ experiences in a Southern Italian steel town," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 349(C).
    6. Undp, 2011. "HDR 2011 - Sustainability and Equity: A Better Future for All," Human Development Report (1990 to present), Human Development Report Office (HDRO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), number hdr2011, September.
    7. Julian Agyeman, 2014. "Environmental justice and sustainability," Chapters, in: Giles Atkinson & Simon Dietz & Eric Neumayer & Matthew Agarwala (ed.), Handbook of Sustainable Development, chapter 12, pages 188-205, Edward Elgar Publishing.

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