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Structural Transformation and Gendered Transitions to Adulthood among Rural Youth: Cross-National Evidence from Low- and Middle-Income Countries

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  • Jessica Heckert
  • Audrey Pereira
  • Cheryl Doss
  • Emily C. Myers
  • Agnes Quisumbing

Abstract

Using frameworks on gendered transitions to adulthood, we analyse nationally-representative, sex-disaggregated data from 36 countries to examine how structural transformation (share of GDP from non-agriculture) and rural transformation (agricultural value added per worker) are associated with landownership, labour force participation, and sector of employment for rural young women and men. Transformation has different implications for young men’s and women’s transition to adulthood. Higher levels of structural transformation are associated with a higher likelihood of landownership for young men, but not young women. Structural transformation is associated with lower employment of young rural men and women alike but is positively associated with on-farm employment of young women. Rural transformation is associated with a higher probability of employment for young rural men, but not women. Instead, rural transformation is negatively associated with young women’s on-farm work and positively associated with not being in education, employment, or training. Whereas domestic responsibilities affect young women’s livelihoods more than young men’s, recognising the importance of both productive and reproductive roles in young women’s and men’s lives is needed to support the transition to adulthood at different levels of structural and rural transformation.

Suggested Citation

  • Jessica Heckert & Audrey Pereira & Cheryl Doss & Emily C. Myers & Agnes Quisumbing, 2021. "Structural Transformation and Gendered Transitions to Adulthood among Rural Youth: Cross-National Evidence from Low- and Middle-Income Countries," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(4), pages 614-634, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:4:p:614-634
    DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1808196
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    Cited by:

    1. Yue Wang & Dengjiao Liao & Bin Yan & Xinhai Lu, 2023. "Employment of Land-Expropriated Farmers: The Effects of Land Expropriation and Gender Difference," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-19, October.
    2. Eva‐Maria Egger & Aslihan Arslan & Emanuele Zucchini, 2022. "Does connectivity reduce gender gaps in off‐farm employment? Evidence from 12 low‐ and middle‐income countries," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 44(1), pages 197-218, March.
    3. Cynthia J. Mkong & Tahirou Abdoulaye & Paul Martin Dontsop-Nguezet & Zoumana Bamba & Victor Manyong & Godlove Shu, 2021. "Determinant of University Students’ Choices and Preferences of Agricultural Sub-Sector Engagement in Cameroon," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-18, June.

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