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Returning Home after Civil War: Food Security and Nutrition among Burundian Households

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  • Philip Verwimp
  • Juan Carlos Muñoz-Mora

Abstract

This paper investigates the food security and nutritional status of formerly displaced households (HHs). Using the 2006 Core Welfare Indicator Survey for Burundi we compare their food intake and their level of expenses with that of their non-displaced neighbours. We test whether it is the duration of displacement that matters for current food security and nutritional status or the time lapsed since returning home. We use log-linear as well as propensity score matching and an instrumental variable-approach to control for self-selection bias. We find that the individuals and HHs who returned home just before the time of the survey are worse off compared to those who returned several years earlier. On average, the formerly displaced have 5 per cent lower food expenses and 6 per cent lower calorie intake. Moreover, we find evidence in favour of duration of displacement as the main mechanisms through which displacement affects HH welfare. Results are robust after controlling for self-selection bias. Despite international, government and NGO assistance, the welfare of recent returnees is lagging seriously behind in comparison with the local non-displaced populations.

Suggested Citation

  • Philip Verwimp & Juan Carlos Muñoz-Mora, 2018. "Returning Home after Civil War: Food Security and Nutrition among Burundian Households," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(6), pages 1019-1040, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:6:p:1019-1040
    DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1311407
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    Cited by:

    1. Kimsanova, Barchynai & Sanaev, Golib & Herzfeld, Thomas, 2024. "Dynamics of food demand during political instability: Evidence from Kyrgyzstan," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 55(1), pages 41-53.
    2. Iva Trako, 2018. "Returning Home After Conflict Displacement: Labor Supply and Schooling Outcomes Among Kosovar Households," PSE Working Papers halshs-01828477, HAL.
    3. Isabel Ruiz & Carlos Vargas-Silva, 2022. "The legacies of armed conflict: insights from stayees and returning forced migrants," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2022-17, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    4. Joshua Sikhu Okonya & Walter Ocimati & Anastase Nduwayezu & Déo Kantungeko & Nicolas Niko & Guy Blomme & James Peter Legg & Jürgen Kroschel, 2019. "Farmer Reported Pest and Disease Impacts on Root, Tuber, and Banana Crops and Livelihoods in Rwanda and Burundi," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-20, March.
    5. Justin George & Adesoji Adelaja & Dave Weatherspoon, 2020. "Armed Conflicts and Food Insecurity: Evidence from Boko Haram's Attacks," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 102(1), pages 114-131, January.
    6. Opeyemi Olanrewaju & Bedru B. Balana, 2023. "Conflict-Induced Shocks and Household Food Security in Nigeria," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-15, March.
    7. Loaiza Quintero, Osmar Leandro & Muñetón Santa, Guberney & Vanegas, Juan Gabriel, 2018. "Forced displacement and Multidimensional Poverty in Antioquia, Colombia: an assessment by means of a Seemingly Unrelated Regression," INVESTIGACIONES REGIONALES - Journal of REGIONAL RESEARCH, Asociación Española de Ciencia Regional, issue 41, pages 167-190.
    8. Noumedem Temgoua,Claudia & Sharma,Dhiraj & Wai-Poi,Matthew Grant, 2020. "Multidimensional Poverty Assessment of Internally Displaced Persons in Iraq," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9203, The World Bank.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure

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