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Conservation and Development: Justice, Inequality, and Attitudes around Bwindi Impenetrable National Park

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  • David Mwesigye Tumusiime
  • Espen Sjaastad

Abstract

Do national parks promote development in their immediate surroundings? And is local development instrumental in the success of conservation goals? We investigated allocation of opportunities and burdens around a national park in Uganda. Our findings suggest that direct benefits from conservation and development projects may promote distributional justice by compensating for park-related damages, but are too limited in their coverage to impact development. Indirect benefits related to transportation, health, education, and security affect a far greater segment of the population. Furthermore, the benefits of conservation tend to increase local economic inequality. Contrasting tendencies in terms of distributional justice and economic equality can partly be explained by the human geography of national parks and this geography must be taken into account if broad development goals are to be achieved. Improved local attitudes towards the park seem to have resulted from a complex of effects rather than any single development initiative.

Suggested Citation

  • David Mwesigye Tumusiime & Espen Sjaastad, 2014. "Conservation and Development: Justice, Inequality, and Attitudes around Bwindi Impenetrable National Park," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(2), pages 204-225, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:204-225
    DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.841886
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kramer, Randall & Schaik, Carel van & Johnson, Julie (ed.), 1997. "Last Stand: Protected Areas and the Defense of Tropical Biodiversity," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780195095548.
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    1. Sims, Katharine R.E. & Alix-Garcia, Jennifer M., 2017. "Parks versus PES: Evaluating direct and incentive-based land conservation in Mexico," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 8-28.
    2. B. K. Downie & P. Dearden & L. King, 2018. "Exploring paradoxes in the search for sustainable livelihoods: a case study from Tanzania," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 20(2), pages 527-542, April.
    3. Wang, Weiye & Liu, Jinlong & Innes, John L., 2019. "Conservation equity for local communities in the process of tourism development in protected areas: A study of Jiuzhaigou Biosphere Reserve, China," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 1-1.

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