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Soft Strategic Information and IPO Underpricing

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  • James C. Brau
  • James Cicon
  • Grant McQueen

Abstract

Using content analysis, we measure the impact of soft information, derived from words in initial public offering (IPO) registration documents, on IPO pricing efficiency. First, using 2,298 U.S. IPOs from 1996–2008, we find that an IPO document's strategic tone correlates positively with the stock's first-day return; more frequent usage of positive and/or less frequent usage of negative strategic words leads to more IPO underpricing. Second, we find that an IPO document's strategic tone is negatively correlated with the stock's long-run return. Together, these findings imply that investors initially misprice soft information in registration statements, which mispricing is eventually corrected. Additionally, we create new content-analysis libraries for strategic words and introduce a survey-based library creation method and word-weighting system.

Suggested Citation

  • James C. Brau & James Cicon & Grant McQueen, 2016. "Soft Strategic Information and IPO Underpricing," Journal of Behavioral Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(1), pages 1-17, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:hbhfxx:v:17:y:2016:i:1:p:1-17
    DOI: 10.1080/15427560.2016.1133619
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    Cited by:

    1. Borochin, Paul A. & Cicon, James E. & DeLisle, R. Jared & Price, S. McKay, 2018. "The effects of conference call tones on market perceptions of value uncertainty," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 75-91.
    2. Katsafados, Apostolos G. & Androutsopoulos, Ion & Chalkidis, Ilias & Fergadiotis, Manos & Leledakis, George N. & Pyrgiotakis, Emmanouil G., 2020. "Textual Information and IPO Underpricing: A Machine Learning Approach," MPRA Paper 103813, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Cheng, Louis T.W. & Sharma, Piyush & Yan, Siyuan, 2023. "Success begets success! Exploring the carry-over effects of total underwriting effort on post-IPO issuer firm outcomes," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    4. James C. Brau & James Cicon & Stephen R. Owen, 2022. "A Textual Analysis of Logograms in Chinese IPO Roadshows: How Agreement between Investors and Management Relates to Pricing and Performance," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-24, April.
    5. Chang, Young Bong & Kwon, YoungOk, 2020. "Attention-grabbing IPOs in early stages for IT firms: An empirical analysis of post-IPO performance," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 111-119.
    6. Waqas Mehmood & Rasidah Mohd-Rashid & Yasir Abdullah & Ataul Karim Patwary & Attia Aman-Ullah, 2023. "Inclusive mapping of initial public offerings: a bibliometric and literature review study," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 57(1), pages 655-700, February.
    7. González, Maximiliano & Guzmán, Alexander & Tellez-Falla, Diego F. & Trujillo, María Andrea, 2021. "Determinants of corporate tone in an initial public offering: Powerful CEOs versus well-functioning boards," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    8. Bian, Shibo & Jia, Dekui & Li, Ruihai & Sun, Wujun & Yan, Zhipeng & Zheng, Yingfei, 2021. "Can management tone predict IPO performance? – Evidence from mandatory online roadshows in China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    9. Zhao, Yi & Wang, Nan & Zhang, Luyang & Sun, Baiqing & Yang, Yuchen, 2022. "The greater the investor attention, the better the post-IPO performance? A view of pre-IPO and post-IPO investor attention," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    10. Jana P. Fidrmuc & Tereza Tykvova, 2023. "Are Acquirer Shareholders Happier when Their Industries Are Unhappy?," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 23-52, Swiss Finance Institute.
    11. Guo, Mengmeng & Su, Yun & Zhao, Rui, 2024. "The effect of expanded audit report on IPO underpricing: Evidence from China," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    12. Ding, Rui & Guo, Jintong & Zhang, Min, 2024. "Practice a poker face: Manager emotion and investor sentiment," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).

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